Universal Reports Third Quarter 2022 Results

Diluted GAAP loss per common share of $2.36, diluted adjusted loss per common share* of $2.27
Direct premiums written of $500.7 million, up 15.6% from the prior year quarter
Repurchased 203,244 shares for $2.4 million. Total capital returned to shareholders of $7.4 million, including $0.16 per share regular quarterly dividend.

FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--
Universal Insurance Holdings (NYSE: UVE) (“Universal” or the “Company”) reported third quarter 2022 results.

“Our thoughts continue to be with all impacted policyholders,” said Stephen J. Donaghy, Chief Executive Officer. “Since landfall, we’ve had boots on the ground, helping our insureds in their time of need. As we recently disclosed, our portfolio is underweight in the most impacted regions and is further cushioned by our high proportion of condo unit and renters policies, which provide interior and contents coverage. To date, claims volume from Hurricane Ian reflects approximately 50% of Irma’s volume received at this point. We maintain one of the largest claims and legal teams in the state of Florida, providing us with significant resources and capacity to efficiently close Ian-related claims. Despite our $1 billion estimated gross loss from Hurricane Ian, we have a $3 billion reinsurance tower in place for a subsequent event in the 2022 Atlantic hurricane season and our consolidated retention would be meaningfully lower, highlighting the strength and breadth of our catastrophe reinsurance program. We’ve started the planning process for the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season and are already well underway, as we have almost $400 million of pre-negotiated multi-year capacity below the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund’s (FHCF) attachment point, approximately $200 million of estimated cost free coverage from the Reinsurance to Assist Policyholders (RAP) program and a projected $150 million from our catastrophe bond. Coupled with our 90% participation in the FHCF, we estimate that the vast majority of our first event 2023 catastrophe reinsurance program will be insulated from open market pricing dynamics. We value our reinsurance partner relationships and appreciate their support.”

^*Reconciliations of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures are provided in the attached tables.

Quarterly Financial Results

Summary Financial Results

($thousands, except per share data)	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			Change		2022			2021			Change
GAAP comparison
Total revenues	$	312,810		$	287,254		8.9	%	$	892,298		$	829,192		7.6	%
GAAP operating income (loss)	$	(91,607	)	$	26,493		NM		$	(55,117	)	$	92,958		NM
GAAP operating income (loss) margin		(29.3	)%		9.2	%	NM			(6.2	)%		11.2	%	NM

Net income (loss)	$	(72,275	)	$	20,183		NM		$	(47,368	)	$	68,532		NM
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	(2.36	)	$	0.64		NM		$	(1.54	)	$	2.19		NM

Annualized ROCE		NM*			16.6	%	NM			(18.3	)%		19.4	%	NM
Book value per share, end of period	$	8.54		$	15.86		(46.2	)%		8.54		$	15.86		(46.2	)%

Non-GAAP comparison¹
Core revenue	$	316,668		$	286,694		10.5	%	$	909,103		$	826,859		9.9	%
Adjusted operating income (loss)	$	(87,749	)	$	25,933		NM		$	(38,312	)	$	90,625		NM
Adjusted operating income (loss) margin		(27.7	)%		9.0	%	NM			(4.2	)%		11.0	%	NM

Adjusted net income (loss)	$	(69,369	)	$	19,751		NM		$	(34,705	)	$	66,736		NM
Adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	(2.27	)	$	0.63		NM		$	(1.12	)	$	2.13		NM

Annualized adjusted ROCE		NM*			16.0	%	NM			(11.1	)%		18.8	%	NM
Adjusted book value per share, end of period	$	12.33		$	16.09		(23.4	)%	$	12.33		$	16.09		(23.4	)%

Underwriting Summary
Premiums:
Premiums in force	$	1,833,034		$	1,649,546		11.1	%	$	1,833,034		$	1,649,546		11.1	%
Policies in force		872,926			967,821		(9.8	)%		872,926			967,821		(9.8	)%

Direct premiums written	$	500,677		$	432,984		15.6	%	$	1,429,685		$	1,271,925		12.4	%
Direct premiums earned	$	452,450		$	410,621		10.2	%	$	1,295,858		$	1,178,801		9.9	%
Ceded premiums earned	$	(161,819	)	$	(145,967	)	10.9	%	$	(459,102	)	$	(414,670	)	10.7	%
Ceded premium ratio		35.8	%		35.5	%	0.3	pts		35.4	%		35.2	%	0.2	pts
Net premiums earned	$	290,631		$	264,654		9.8	%	$	836,756		$	764,131		9.5	%

Net ratios:
Loss ratio		113.7	%		70.9	%	42.8	pts		85.5	%		65.3	%	20.2	pts
Expense ratio		25.5	%		27.6	%	(2.1	) pts		27.7	%		31.1	%	(3.4	) pts
Combined ratio		139.2	%		98.5	%	40.7	pts		113.2	%		96.4	%	16.8	pts
¹Reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures are provided in the attached tables. Adjusted net income, adjusted diluted earnings per common share and core revenue exclude net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities. Adjusted operating income excludes the items above and interest and amortization of debt issuance costs. Adjusted book value per share excludes accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes. Adjusted ROCE is calculated by dividing annualized adjusted net income attributable to common stockholders by average adjusted book value per share, with the denominator further excluding current period after-tax net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities.
*Not meaningful, as it implies full first event hurricane retentions in the first two quarters of the year, which in actuality were hurricane free, and it similarly implies a full first event retention in the fourth quarter of the year, which would instead be subject to a smaller subsequent event retention on a consolidated basis.

Net Income and Adjusted Net Income

Net loss was $72.3 million, down from net income of $20.2 million in the prior year quarter, and adjusted net loss was $69.4 million, down from adjusted net income of $19.8 million in the prior year quarter. The decline in adjusted net income mostly stems from $111.0 million of retained Hurricane Ian losses, partly offset by a lower net expense ratio and higher net investment income and commission revenue.

Revenues

Overall revenue was $312.8 million, up 8.9% from the prior year quarter and core revenue was $316.7 million, up 10.5% from the prior year quarter. The increase in core revenue primarily stems from higher net premiums earned, net investment income and commission revenue.

Direct premiums written were $500.7 million, up 15.6% from the prior year quarter. The increase stems from 16.3% growth in Florida and 12.7% growth in other states. Overall growth reflects rate increases, partly offset by lower policies in force.

Direct premiums earned were $452.5 million, up 10.2% from the prior year quarter. The increase stems from rate-driven direct premiums written growth over the past twelve months.

The ceded premium ratio was 35.8%, up from 35.5% in the prior year quarter. The increase primarily reflects higher reinsurance pricing and higher reinsurance costs associated with the increase in insured values, partly offset by direct premiums earned growth associated with primary rate increases and reinsurance savings associated with leveraging our self-insured captive to a greater degree than the prior year.

Net premiums earned were $290.6 million, up 9.8% from the prior year quarter. The increase is primarily attributable to higher direct premiums earned, partly offset by higher ceded premiums earned, as described above.

Net investment income was $6.1 million, up from $2.8 million in the prior year quarter. The increase primarily stems from higher fixed income reinvestment yields.

Commissions, policy fees and other revenue were $20.0 million, up 3.7% from the prior year quarter. The increase primarily reflects higher reinsurance brokerage commission revenue, which benefited from higher ceded premiums and the difference in our reinsurance program’s structure relative to the prior year quarter, partly offset by a decline in policy fees associated with lower policies in force.

Margins

The GAAP operating loss margin was 29.3%, down from a GAAP operating income margin of 9.2% in the prior year quarter and the adjusted operating loss margin was 27.7%, down from an adjusted operating income margin of 9.0% in the prior year quarter. The lower adjusted operating income margin primarily reflects a higher net combined ratio, partly offset by higher net investment income and commission revenues.

The net loss ratio was 113.7%, up 42.8 points compared to the prior year quarter. The increase primarily reflects $111.0 million of retained Hurricane Ian losses and a higher attritional initial accident year loss pick, partly offset by lower adverse prior year reserve development as a percentage of net premiums earned.

The net expense ratio was 25.5%, down 2.1 points from 27.6% in the prior year quarter. The reduction primarily reflects lower renewal commission rates paid to distribution partners.

The net combined ratio was 139.2%, up 40.7 points compared to the prior year quarter. The increase reflects a higher net loss ratio, partly offset by a lower net expense ratio, as described above.

Capital Deployment

During the third quarter, the Company repurchased approximately 203 thousand shares at an aggregate cost of $2.4 million. The Company’s current share repurchase authorization program has $8.0 million remaining as of September 30, 2022 and runs through November 3, 2022.

On July 19, 2022, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of 16 cents per share of common stock, payable on August 9, 2022, to shareholders of record as of the close of business on August 2, 2022.

Conference Call and Webcast

Friday, October 28, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. ET
Investors and other interested parties may listen to the call by accessing the online, real-time webcast at universalinsuranceholdings.com/investors or by registering in advance via teleconference at https://register.vevent.com/register/BI7c74886531b54cae98488e2125328182. Once registration is completed, participants will be provided with a dial-in number containing a personalized conference code to access the call. An online replay of the call will be available at universalinsuranceholdings.com/investors shortly after the investor call concludes.

About Universal

Universal Insurance Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: UVE) is a holding company offering property and casualty insurance and value-added insurance services. We develop, market, and write insurance products for consumers predominantly in the personal residential homeowners lines of business and perform substantially all other insurance-related services for our primary insurance entities, including risk management, claims management and distribution. We sell insurance products through both our appointed independent agents and through our direct online distribution channels in the United States across 19 states (primarily Florida). Learn more at universalinsuranceholdings.com.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Indicators

This press release contains non-GAAP financial measures within the meaning of Regulation G promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including core revenue, adjusted net income attributable to common stockholders and diluted adjusted earnings (loss) per common share, which exclude the impact of net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities. Adjusted operating income and adjusted operating income margin exclude the impact of net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities and interest and amortization of debt issuance costs. Adjusted common stockholders’ equity and adjusted book value per share exclude accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI), net of taxes. Adjusted return on common equity excludes after-tax net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities from the numerator and AOCI, net of taxes, and current period after-tax net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities from the denominator. A “non-GAAP financial measure” is generally defined as a numerical measure of a company’s historical or future performance that excludes or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments, so as to be different from the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). UVE management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are meaningful, as they allow investors to evaluate underlying revenue and profitability trends and enhance comparability across periods. When considered together with the GAAP financial measures, management believes these metrics provide information that is useful to investors in understanding period-over-period operating results separate and apart from items that may, or could, have a disproportionately positive or negative impact on results in any particular period. UVE management also believes that these non-GAAP financial measures enhance the ability of investors to analyze UVE’s business trends and to understand UVE’s operational performance. UVE’s management utilizes these non-GAAP financial measures as guides in long-term planning. Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. For more information regarding our key performance indicators, please refer to the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Key Performance Indicators” in our forthcoming Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “will,” “plan,” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement was made. Such statements may include commentary on plans, products and lines of business, marketing arrangements, reinsurance programs and other business developments and assumptions relating to the foregoing. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, including those risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and supplemented in our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Future results could differ materially from those described, and the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. For further information regarding risk factors that could affect the Company’s operations and future results, refer to the Company’s reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and the most recent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) (in thousands, except per share data)

	September 30,			December 31,
	2022			2021
ASSETS:
Invested Assets
Fixed maturities, at fair value	$	996,783		$	1,040,455
Equity securities, at fair value		82,387			47,334
Investment real estate, net		5,752			5,891
Total invested assets		1,084,922			1,093,680
Cash and cash equivalents		307,435			250,508
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		2,703			2,635
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		452,230			240,993
Reinsurance recoverable		935,810			185,589
Premiums receivable, net		79,621			64,923
Property and equipment, net		52,769			53,682
Deferred policy acquisition costs		111,861			108,822
Goodwill		2,319			2,319
Other assets		97,224			52,990
TOTAL ASSETS	$	3,126,894		$	2,056,141

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES:
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	1,153,627		$	346,216
Unearned premiums		991,596			857,769
Advance premium		78,269			53,694
Reinsurance payable, net		458,865			188,662
Long-term debt, net		102,968			103,676
Other liabilities		80,932			76,422
Total liabilities		2,866,257			1,626,439
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Cumulative convertible preferred stock ($0.01 par value)²		—			—
Common stock ($0.01 par value)³		471			470
Treasury shares, at cost - 16,603 and 15,797		(236,915	)		(227,115	)
Additional paid-in capital		111,397			108,202
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes		(115,665	)		(15,568	)
Retained earnings		501,349			563,713
Total stockholders' equity		260,637			429,702
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	3,126,894		$	2,056,141

Notes:
²Cumulative convertible preferred stock ($0.01 par value): Authorized - 1,000 shares; Issued - 10 and 10 shares; Outstanding - 10 and 10 shares; Minimum liquidation preference - $9.99 and $9.99 per share.
³Common stock ($0.01 par value): Authorized - 55,000 shares; Issued - 47,116 and 47,018 shares; Outstanding 30,513 and 31,221 shares.

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED) (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
REVENUES
Net premiums earned	$	290,631		$	264,654		$	836,756		$	764,131
Net investment income		6,074			2,797			15,337			8,641
Net realized gains (losses) on investments		292			4,319			(375	)		5,357
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities		(4,150	)		(3,759	)		(16,430	)		(3,024	)
Commission revenue		12,592			11,418			35,157			30,404
Policy fees		5,272			5,859			15,991			17,821
Other revenue		2,099			1,966			5,862			5,862
Total revenues		312,810			287,254			892,298			829,192

EXPENSES
Losses and loss adjustment expenses		330,444			187,581			715,854			498,765
Policy acquisition costs		54,609			57,062			163,432			170,287
Other operating expenses		19,364			16,118			68,129			67,182
Total operating costs and expenses		404,417			260,761			947,415			736,234
Interest and amortization of debt issuance costs		1,630			29			4,969			84
Income (loss) before income taxes		(93,237	)		26,464			(60,086	)		92,874
Income tax expense (benefit)		(20,962	)		6,281			(12,718	)		24,342
NET INCOME (LOSS)	$	(72,275	)	$	20,183		$	(47,368	)	$	68,532

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SHARE AND PER SHARE INFORMATION (in thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic		30,604			31,247			30,858			31,232
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted		30,604			31,337			30,858			31,302
Shares outstanding, end of period		30,513			31,167			30,513			31,167
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	(2.36	)	$	0.65		$	(1.54	)	$	2.19
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	(2.36	)	$	0.64		$	(1.54	)	$	2.19
Cash dividend declared per common share	$	0.16		$	0.16		$	0.48		$	0.48
Book value per share, end of period	$	8.54		$	15.86		$	8.54		$	15.86
Annualized return on average common equity (ROCE)		NM*			16.6	%		(18.3	)%		19.4	%
*Not meaningful, as it implies full first event hurricane retentions in the first two quarters of the year, which in actuality were hurricane free, and it similarly implies a full first event retention in the fourth quarter of the year, which would instead be subject to a smaller subsequent event retention on a consolidated basis.

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (in thousands, except for Policies In Force data)

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
*Premiums*
Direct premiums written - Florida	$	412,588		$	354,799		$	1,200,193		$	1,062,180
Direct premiums written - Other States		88,089			78,185			229,492			209,745
Direct premiums written - Total	$	500,677		$	432,984		$	1,429,685		$	1,271,925
Direct premiums earned	$	452,450		$	410,621		$	1,295,858		$	1,178,801
Net premiums earned	$	290,631		$	264,654		$	836,756		$	764,131

*Underwriting Ratios - Net*
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio		113.7	%		70.9	%		85.5	%		65.3	%
Policy acquisition cost ratio		18.8	%		21.5	%		19.5	%		22.3	%
Other operating expense ratio		6.7	%		6.1	%		8.2	%		8.8	%
Expense ratio		25.5	%		27.6	%		27.7	%		31.1	%
Combined ratio		139.2	%		98.5	%		113.2	%		96.4	%

*Other Items*
(Favorable)/Unfavorable prior year's reserve development	$	2,715		$	11,489		$	7,080		$	17,983
Points on the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio		0.9	pts		4.4	pts		0.8	pts		2.4	pts

	As of
	September 30,
	2022		2021
Policies in force
Florida		636,883		716,767
Other States		236,043		251,054
Total		872,926		967,821

Premiums in force
Florida	$	1,529,632	$	1,371,760
Other States		303,402		277,786
Total	$	1,833,034	$	1,649,546

Total Insured Value
Florida	$	203,957,272	$	204,334,645
Other States		120,648,594		114,992,734
Total	$	324,605,866	$	319,327,379

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Direct		Loss Ratio		Ceded		Loss Ratio		Net		Loss Ratio
Premiums earned	$	452,450			$	161,819			$	290,631

Loss and loss adjustment expenses:
Core losses	$	216,784	47.9	%	$	55	—	%	$	216,729	74.6	%
Weather events⁴		1,026,200	226.8	%		915,200	565.6	%		111,000	38.2	%
Prior year’s reserve development		26,360	5.9	%		23,645	14.6	%		2,715	0.9	%
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	1,269,344	280.6	%	$	938,900	580.2	%	$	330,444	113.7	%

⁴Includes only current year weather events beyond those expected.

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Direct		Loss Ratio		Ceded		Loss Ratio		Net		Loss Ratio
Premiums earned	$	410,621				145,967			$	264,654

Loss and loss adjustment expenses:
Core losses	$	176,161	42.9	%	$	69	—	%	$	176,092	66.5	%
Weather events⁴		—	—	%		—	—	%		—	—	%
Prior year’s reserve development		87,907	21.4	%		76,418	52.4	%		11,489	4.4	%
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	264,068	64.3	%	$	76,487	52.4	%	$	187,581	70.9	%

⁴Includes only current year weather events beyond those expected.

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Direct		Loss Ratio		Ceded		Loss Ratio		Net		Loss Ratio
Premiums earned	$	1,295,858			$	459,102			$	836,756

Loss and loss adjustment expenses:
Core losses	$	593,364	45.8	%	$	135	—	%	$	593,229	70.9	%
Weather events⁴		1,030,745	79.5	%		915,200	199.3	%		115,545	13.8	%
Prior year’s reserve development		100,620	7.8	%		93,540	20.4	%		7,080	0.8	%
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	1,724,729	133.1	%	$	1,008,875	219.7	%	$	715,854	85.5	%

⁴Includes only current year weather events beyond those expected.

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Direct		Loss Ratio		Ceded		Loss Ratio		Net		Loss Ratio
Premiums earned	$	1,178,801			$	414,670			$	764,131

Loss and loss adjustment expenses:
Core losses	$	480,801	40.8	%	$	19	—	%	$	480,782	62.9	%
Weather events⁴		—	—	%		—	—	%		—	—	%
Prior year’s reserve development		296,867	25.2	%		278,884	67.3	%		17,983	2.4	%
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	777,668	66.0	%	$	278,903	67.3	%	$	498,765	65.3	%

⁴Includes only current year weather events beyond those expected.

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (in thousands, except for per share data)

GAAP revenue to core revenue
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
GAAP revenue	$	312,810		$	287,254		$	892,298		$	829,192
less: Net realized gains (losses) on investments		292			4,319			(375	)		5,357
less: Net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities		(4,150	)		(3,759	)		(16,430	)		(3,024	)
Core revenue	$	316,668		$	286,694		$	909,103		$	826,859

GAAP income (loss) before income taxes to adjusted operating income (loss)
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
GAAP income (loss) before income taxes	$	(93,237	)	$	26,464		$	(60,086	)	$	92,874
add: Interest and amortization of debt issuance costs		1,630			29			4,969			84
GAAP operating income (loss)		(91,607	)		26,493			(55,117	)		92,958
less: Net realized gains (losses) on investments		292			4,319			(375	)		5,357
less: Net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities		(4,150	)		(3,759	)		(16,430	)		(3,024	)
Adjusted operating income (loss)	$	(87,749	)	$	25,933		$	(38,312	)	$	90,625

GAAP operating income (loss) margin to adjusted operating income (loss) margin
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
GAAP operating income (loss) (a)	$	(91,607	)	$	26,493		$	(55,117	)	$	92,958
GAAP revenue (b)		312,810			287,254			892,298			829,192
GAAP operating income (loss) margin (a÷b)		(29.3	)%		9.2	%		(6.2	)%		11.2	%
Adjusted operating income (loss) (c)		(87,749	)		25,933			(38,312	)		90,625
Core revenue (d)		316,668			286,694			909,103			826,859
Adjusted operating income (loss) margin (c÷d)		(27.7	)%		9.0	%		(4.2	)%		11.0	%

GAAP net income (loss) (NI) to adjusted NI (loss) available to common stockholders
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
GAAP NI (loss)	$	(72,275	)	$	20,183		$	(47,368	)	$	68,532
less: Preferred dividends		3			3			8			8
GAAP NI (loss) available to common stockholders (e)		(72,278	)		20,180			(47,376	)		68,524
less: Net realized gains (losses) on investments		292			4,319			(375	)		5,357
less: Net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities		(4,150	)		(3,759	)		(16,430	)		(3,024	)
add: Income tax effect on above adjustments		(949	)		131			(4,134	)		545
Adjusted NI (loss) available to common stockholders (f)	$	(69,369	)	$	19,751		$	(34,705	)	$	66,736

Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding (g)		30,604			31,337			30,858			31,302
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share (e÷g)	$	(2.36	)	$	0.64		$	(1.54	)	$	2.19
Diluted adjusted earnings (loss) per common share (f÷g)	$	(2.27	)	$	0.63		$	(1.12	)	$	2.13

GAAP stockholders’ equity to adjusted common stockholders’ equity
	As of
	September 30,			September 30,			December 31,
	2022			2021			2021
GAAP stockholders’ equity	$	260,637		$	494,275		$	429,702
less: Preferred equity		100			100			100
Common stockholders’ equity (h)		260,537			494,175			429,602
less: Accumulated other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes		(115,665	)		(7,398	)		(15,568	)
Adjusted common stockholders’ equity (i)	$	376,202		$	501,573		$	445,170

Shares outstanding (j)		30,513			31,167			31,221
Book value per common share (h÷j)	$	8.54		$	15.86		$	13.76
Adjusted book value per common share (i÷j)	$	12.33		$	16.09		$	14.26

GAAP return on common equity (ROCE) to adjusted ROCE
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended						Year Ended
	September 30,						September 30,						December 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2021
Annualized NI (loss) attributable to common stockholders (k)	$	(289,112	)	$	80,720		$	(63,168	)	$	91,365		$	20,397
Average common stockholders’ equity (l)		313,494			487,459			345,070			471,669			439,382
ROCE (k÷l)		NM*			16.6	%		(18.3	)%		19.4	%		4.6	%
Annualized adjusted NI (loss) attributable to common stockholders (m)	$	(277,476	)	$	79,004		$	(46,273	)	$	88,981		$	18,959

Adjusted average common stockholders’ equity⁵(n)		416,848			493,729			417,022			472,802			444,775
Adjusted ROCE (m÷n)		NM*			16.0	%		(11.1	)%		18.8	%		4.3	%

⁵Adjusted average common stockholders’ equity excludes current period after-tax net realized gains (losses) on investments and net change in unrealized gains (losses) of equity securities.
*Not meaningful, as it implies full first event hurricane retentions in the first two quarters of the year, which in actuality were hurricane free, and it similarly implies a full first event retention in the fourth quarter of the year, which would instead be subject to a smaller subsequent event retention on a consolidated basis.