Idalia destroyed these gulf towns. They worry they’ll lose an ‘old Florida’ way of life
The
Fishing guide Hope Reinke’s home, similarly rustic but elevated on stilts, survived more or less intact, a decorative string of crab buoys still dangling from the wooden stairs. So did newer, and far more expensive, homes built to modern standards designed to protect them from just the sort of destructive storm surge that Hurricane Idalia brought to this sleepy fishing village.
Reinke lost some stuff built under the home, including a game room she kept for nieces and nephews. But she and many other residents in the other small, rural enclaves that dot what’s known as Florida’s
These were places with rustic, even ramshackle, waterfront homes occupied by working people, not millionaires on vacation. There is worry — just like in
Recent history shows their worries aren’t unfounded.
Destruction tends to draw speculators looking to make deals with storm victims forced to move on. And the newer homes that follow, almost unfailingly, are elevated and typically constructed with more steel and concrete and impact windows — often along with other amenities that can maximize price and profit and lure new types of buyers.
Reinke, a charter boat captain, said she was determined to see her community build back better, but she worries building regulations that require more hurricane-resilient structures could threaten the local charm.
“We’re scared FEMA is going to come here and do code enforcement,” said Reinke, whose home is 12 feet off the ground. “We just don’t want change in our little Horseshoe.”
The importance of elevation
But what became increasingly clear as rescue teams surveyed Idalia’s damage up and down the coast —a lesson hammered home after each and every hurricane strikes Florida’s coast — is that change, at least in terms of construction, is needed to preserve coastal communities that face increasing threats from rising seas and hurricane storm surge.
Her own home likely wouldn’t have even been elevated without the newer building codes put in place after the last storm tested this corner of the state, the 1993 “Storm of the Century.“ There was no advance warning for this storm, and it didn’t have high winds, but it brought up to 12 feet of surge to the coast.
Forty-five people died in that storm, and more drowned than from Hurricanes Hugo and Andrew combined, said
“The fact that any of those homes are still standing is the result of codes,” he said. “Every one of them elevated houses, that ain’t old Florida.”
“You look at
Fighting the codes
But despite the evidence showing how important elevation can be, it’s common for coastal cities in the wake of a storm to buck new codes, specifically because of concerns like Reinke’s.
Although the building codes in play are enforced by the local government, they originate with FEMA’s flood insurance program. To stay a part of it, and therefore have access to cheap flood insurance and federal relief money after a storm, communities agree to build to a certain standard.
One of those standards includes rebuilding destroyed homes better than they were before. After a hurricane, if repair costs meet or exceed 50% of a property’s market value, it’s considered “substantially damaged” and must be rebuilt to the newest codes, which usually means elevating.
After Hurricane Michael hit
In
Disasters like Idalia highlight the trouble with balancing the desires of individuals in a community versus the “greater good,” said
He compared building codes to safety regulations for professional race car drivers, who might be willing to skip some precautions if it will make their car faster. Regulations have to install rules to protect people from themselves. But that doesn’t always go over well when it comes to people and their homes.
“If you stand up for people and tell them you’re doing it for their own good, people don’t like that,” Strader said.
Without those regulations in place, it’s cheaper and easier for communities to just keep rebuilding in harm’s way, and waiting for federal bailouts to fix things when they go wrong.
“When we build back in the same place, in the same way, we’re setting ourselves up for the same impacts years later,” he said.
Codes vs developers
Fugate, who led Florida’s division of emergency management under Gov.
“In these little small hammocks up and down the coast, will it change the characteristics? Yeah, probably. Is it FEMA’s fault?” he asked. “No. FEMA is just convenient to blame everything on.”
The real problem, he said, is developers. After a storm, it’s not uncommon to have out of town, or even out of state, buyers snap up storm-destroyed properties at low prices and then rebuild a vacation home or rental.
After Hurricane Michael hit
“It’s what’s happened in
The only possible protection for the Big Bend area, he said, is how far it is from any big city or airport.
That’s slim comfort to residents in hamlets like
Sitting in the shade next to his heavily damaged single-wide trailer,
He said in the three years he’s been there, real estate investors haven’t come knocking to buy his small lot. As he looked around at the wreckage, he wondered if that’s on the horizon.
“This place here, he said, “it’s forever changed.”
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