Senate GOP on track to OK judicial pick rated not qualified

WASHINGTON (AP) — Senate Republicans are on track to confirm one of President Donald Trump's judicial nominees despite a rare "not qualified" rating from the American Bar Association.

A vote is scheduled Tuesday on Trump's choice of Leonard Steven Grasz to serve on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit.

Grasz served for more than 11 years as Nebraska's chief deputy attorney general and also was general counsel to the Nebraska Republican Party. In one opinion he helped craft, he said the legacy of the landmark abortion rights ruling Roe v. Wade was its "moral bankruptcy." Another opinion he helped write warned of the "grave danger" of the Nebraska Supreme Court recognizing same-sex marriages from other states, and he advised that legislation refusing to recognize same-sex marriages could be defended against a constitutional challenge.

Some liberal advocacy groups fear Grasz will be hostile to abortion rights and laws protecting gays and lesbians from discrimination.

Culture wars are hardly new when it comes to debates over the federal judiciary, but the battle over Grasz's confirmation has additional acrimony as the GOP demonstrates its resolve in getting Trump's nominees lifetime appointments. Republicans have dismissed the ABA as a partisan interest group and described its rating as a "hit job." Democrats said Republicans are adopting the Trump playbook: "If you don't like the message, shoot the messenger," said Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y.

Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, chairman of the Judiciary Committee, pushed through Grasz's nomination on a party-line vote last week. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., moved swiftly for a vote. If confirmed as expected, Grasz will be the 10th appellate court nominee of the Trump presidency. Two more appellate court nominees are expected to be voted on later this week.

By comparison, Democratic President Barack Obama had three appellate court judges confirmed in his first year.

Grasz was only the third nominee since 1989 to be unanimously deemed "not qualified" by the ABA. In that time, it has reviewed more than 1,700 nominees. Since Grasz's evaluation, Brett Talley has also been unanimously rated "not qualified." Talley has been nominated to serve as a district judge in Alabama but has never tried a case in court.

The ABA's rating is based on information gleaned from interviews with other lawyers, the writings of the nominee and interviews with the nominee. An evaluator gathers the information and presents it to a committee made of 15 lawyers representing every judicial circuit in the country. A second evaluator looks at the case if there is a possibility of a "not qualified" rating. In written testimony to the Judiciary Committee, the evaluators explained that "a significant number" of Grasz's peers raised concerns that his strongly held social views and deeply rooted political allegiances "would make it impossible for him to have an unbiased and open mind on critical issues."

The ABA said it is critical to protect the identity of the people they interview so they will be candid.

"I can't trust such a secretive process, especially when the ABA won't even shed any light on with whom it spoke," Grassley complained.

In most administrations, the ABA has been advised of proposed nominees prior to their being announced publicly or nominations sent to the Senate. That allowed any rating of "not qualified" to be considered by the president privately before a final decision. But the Trump administration has chosen to announce its nominees publicly before the ABA conducts its evaluation. President George W. Bush opted to go that route, too.

The Congressional Research Service said the number of nominees who received a not qualified rating ranged from a high of nine nominees during the Eisenhower presidency to no nominees who received such a rating during the presidencies of Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush and Obama.

Prior to Obama, George W. Bush nominated seven nominees rated as not qualified; Bill Clinton nominated four.

So far, the ABA has rated 57 of the Trump's nominees. Fifty-three came back as "well qualified" or "qualified." Four have been considered "not qualified."

Grasz told the committee that due to the nature of the ABA's process, it was impossible to know the reasoning behind "these anonymous comments." However, he said he represented the state in several high-profile cases involving controversial issues. In one such case, he assisted in the state of Nebraska's defense of its partial-birth abortion ban before the U.S. Supreme Court. The court struck down the ban 5-4 because it placed an undue burden on a woman's right to have an abortion and did not allow for exception in cases of threatened health.

"I fully understand the fundamental difference between serving as an advocate and a judge," he said. "Advocates represent their clients' interests. Judges must be neutral officials who apply the law as it exists, and not according to any personal views or opinions."