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February 24, 2022 Newswires
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Sen. Crapo: Administration Should Let States Recover Fraudulent Payments

Targeted News Service (Press Releases)

WASHINGTON, Feb. 24 -- Sen. Mike Crapo, R-Idaho, ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee, issued the following news release on Feb. 23, 2022:

While the White House estimates an alarming 19 percent of total COVID unemployment insurance payments were improperly paid--over $80 billion in taxpayer funds--new measures by the Biden Administration may worsen the problem.

In a letter to the U.S. Department of Labor Secretary Martin Walsh, top Senate and House Republicans are urging the Department of Labor (DOL) to hold off on reckless new guidance that would allow states to forgo recovery of overpayments in pandemic unemployment programs, as well as to justify the legality of such a move:

"Allowing use of blanket waivers would let states off the hook for due diligence and fact finding for large volumes of suspicious unemployment claims potentially involving billions of fraudulently obtained taxpayer dollars...

"ETA's action is particularly reckless in light of White House estimates of improper payments in the Federal-State UI program of an astounding 19 percent equating to an estimated $78 billion fiscal year 2021."

The letter is signed by Senate Finance Committee Ranking Member Mike Crapo (R-Idaho), Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee Ranking Member Richard Burr (R-North Carolina), Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Ranking Member Rob Portman (R-Ohio), House Ways and Means Republican Leader Kevin Brady (R-Texas), and House Oversight and Reform Republican Leader James Comer (R-Kentucky).

Members also sent a letter to the Labor Department's Inspector General asking how blanket waivers of overpayments could impact ongoing unemployment fraud investigations.

The Members wrote:

"Program integrity cannot be sacrificed for expediency. In fact, the Government Accountability Office estimated that $87.3 billion in CARES Act unemployment insurance funds, about 10 percent of all CARES Act unemployment insurance funds, could have been paid improperly."

"Given the OIG's work ensuring the recovery of taxpayer dollars, we would like to understand how your work will continue after the UIPL, and in particular any impact on your ability to initiate and conduct investigation and prosecution of fraudulent activity in pandemic unemployment programs."

* * *

Read the letter to the DOL below:

February 18, 2022

Delivered via E-mail

To: The Honorable Marty Walsh, Secretary of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210

Dear Secretary Walsh,

On February 7, 2022, the Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) issued Unemployment Insurance Program Letter (UIPL) No. 21-21, Change 1, addressing program integrity issues related to the unemployment insurance (UI) programs under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES). The letter allows states to apply blanket waivers to forgo recovery of overpayments in pandemic unemployment programs using seven different loopholes, including failure to provide documentation of eligibility.

Allowing use of blanket waivers would let states off the hook for due diligence and fact finding for large volumes of suspicious unemployment claims potentially involving billions of fraudulently obtained taxpayer dollars.

ETA's guidance not only ignores the prevalence of fraud but is issued under dubious legal authority. We write to request an immediate stay of the effective date of this guidance and an explanation of the agency's legal authority, including whether ETA consulted with the Office of the Solicitor to ensure legal authority exists, and if ETA consulted with the Department of Justice's National Unemployment Insurance Fraud Taskforce or the Labor Department Office of Inspector General (OIG) to ensure this does not undermine existing investigations.

ETA's action is particularly reckless in light of White House estimates of improper payments in the Federal-State UI program of an astounding 19 percent equating to an estimated $78 billion fiscal year 2021./1 This partial estimate does not include the period of the greatest fraudulent activity when generous $600/week and $300/week federal supplements made unemployment a lucrative target for fraudsters. In total, Federal and state spending on enhanced pandemic unemployment benefits reached more than $850 billion in less than two years./2

ETA's public statement on the new UIPL suggests that expediency is overriding integrity. Program integrity cannot be sacrificed for expediency. It is well documented that throughout the pandemic, criminal organizations, including international cybercrime rings and opportunistic foreign actors, used stolen identities to falsely claim unemployment benefits. Fraud delayed legitimate payments and turned thousands of Americans into unwitting identity theft victims./3/4/5

Now is the time to pursue and prosecute fraudulent actors. Instead, this guidance equates to sweeping under the rug what is possibly the greatest theft of taxpayer dollars in American history.

ETA provides multiple loopholes for how "states may apply blanket waiver of recovery of overpayments." For example, ETA's UIPL accepts without challenge that an individual who responded "no" to being able and available for work is entitled to a blanket waiver of recovery of overpayments with no determination as to whether the individual was truthful in their response. It appears self-certification and individual assertions are the cornerstone of the repayment waiver. This action may allow those perpetrating fraud within the UI system to continue and leaves unresolved hundreds of thousands of claims involving stolen identities belonging to identity theft victims, including first responders, government personnel and school employees.

To date, ETA has fifty-six recommendations for corrective action from the DOL-OIG. Improper payments are a historical issue that this UIPL does not seek to correct./6 The problem is only exacerbated by the lack of coordination between the OIG, state agencies, and ETA./7 The OIG has issued repeated alerts to the deficiencies of ETA's management of the UI program through state entities./8 ETA's lack of attention to these alerts and the billions of dollars in fraud raises significant concerns about the agency's ongoing management of the program and ability to combat fraud.

Even more concerning, the February guidance has the potential to significantly undermine ongoing pursuit of perpetrators of fraud and the ability to gain restitution for taxpayers. The Department of Justice, Pandemic Response Accountability Committee, U.S. Secret Service, and OIG all have numerous active ongoing investigations involving pandemic unemployment fraud. According to OIG, since the start of the pandemic, the agency has opened more than 31,000 investigative matters relating to UI benefits paid under the CARES Act and is in the process of reviewing an additional 137,000 complaints from the National Center for Disaster Fraud. As a result of the surge in complaints, UI investigations now account for 92 percent of the OIG's investigative case inventory, compared with 12 percent prior to the pandemic./9

We request an immediate stay on the effective date of UIPL No. 21-21 to better understand the agency's legal authority and decision making used to create these broad categories for blanket overpayment waivers. Please provide responses after each question instead of a narrative format by February 28, 2022.

* To reduce hardship on individuals who may have been victims of identity theft or agency error, CARES Act provides limited authority for states to waive, on a case-by-case basis, overpayments in pandemic unemployment programs if the overpayment was through no fault of the individual. What legal justification or rationale did the Department use to construe this limited authority to mean ETA could use administrative discretion to create seven broad categories of blanket overpayment waivers?

* Did ETA conduct an economic analysis of this UIPL's impact? If so, please provide a copy of that analysis. If not, why?

* What is ETA's overall estimate for the number and dollar value of claims that fall into each of the five new waiver categories? Please provide a state-by-state breakdown of these two data points for each of the 53 UI systems.

* Provide the date on which the states added the list of COVID-19 qualifying reasons to their initial PUA claim application? And the date states began approving COVID-19 related to the PUA claim application?

* How does the Department plan to reduce friction in State Workforce Agencies' ability to validate self-employment or independent work earnings?

* Did ETA consult with the OIG to determine the impact of this UIPL on current investigations? If yes, please provide all communications or documents received from the OIG on this topic. If not, why?

* Does this UIPL address any of the OIG's outstanding recommendations to fix ETA's administration of the unemployment insurance program?

* Does ETA has a plan to address any of the OIG's outstanding recommendations to fix ETA's administration of the unemployment insurance program?

* Did ETA consult the Office of the Solicitor to ensure the legal authority to create these waivers exists? If yes, please provide a copy of any legal opinions provided by the Office of the Solicitor. If not, why?

* What role did the Office of Unemployment Insurance Modernization play in development of this policy?10 And where is this office currently housed and reporting?

Thank you for your attention to this matter.

Sincerely,

Richard Burr, Ranking Member, Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee

Kevin Brady, Ranking Member, House Committee on Ways and Means

Mike Crapo, Ranking Member, Senate Finance Committee

James Comer, Ranking Member, House Committee on Oversight and Reform

Rob Portman, Ranking Member, Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee

* * *

Footnotes:

1 White House, Updated Data on Improper Payments, December 30, 2021.

2 U.S. Department of Labor: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/docs/cares_act_funding_state.html

3 "DOL-OIG Oversight of the Unemployment Insurance program," U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Inspector General, February 3, 2021.

4 "COVID-19: Critical Vaccine Distribution, Supply Chain, Program Integrity, and other Challenges Require Focused Federal Attention," Government Accountability Office, January 28, 2021. (GAO-21-265)

5 "Massive Fraud Against Unemployment Insurance Programs, U.S. Secret Service, Information Only Alert, May 5, 2020.

6 https://www.oig.dol.gov/public/reports/oa/2021/04-21-001-03-315.pdf

7 https://www.oig.dol.gov/public/reports/oa/2021/19-21-006-03-315.pdf

8 https://www.oig.dol.gov/public/reports/oa/2021/19-21-002-03-315.pdf

9 https://www.oig.dol.gov/doloiguioversightwork.htm

10 https://fcw.com/digital-government/2021/08/new-labor-dept-office-will-focus-on-ui-modernization/259101/

* * *

Read the letter to the DOL-OIG below:

February 18, 2022

Delivered Via E-mail

To: The Honorable Larry Turner, Inspector General, Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20

Dear General Turner:

On February 7, 2022, the Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) issued Unemployment Insurance Program Letter (UIPL) No. 21-21, Change 1, addressing program integrity issues related to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act unemployment insurance program. Over the last two years, the Office of Inspector General (OIG) has aggressively pursued fraudulent unemployment insurance claims and recovery of taxpayer dollars diverted to those who did not actually qualify for benefits or overpayment of benefits. We seek to ensure that ETA consulted with OIG to confirm the waivers outlined in the UIPL would not adversely impact existing investigations surrounding UI fraud.

Program integrity cannot be sacrificed for expediency. In fact, the Government Accountability Office estimated that $87.3 billion in CARES Act unemployment insurance funds, about 10% of all CARES Act unemployment insurance funds, could have been paid improperly.

White House estimates of improper payments in the Federal-State UI program of 19% equating to an estimated $78 billion fiscal year 2021. This partial estimate does not include the period of the greatest fraudulent activity when generous $600/week and $300/week federal supplements made unemployment a lucrative target for fraudsters. In total, Federal and state spending on enhanced pandemic unemployment benefits reached more than $850 billion in less than two years.

ETA's statement on the new UIPL suggests that expediency may in fact be the case. ETA provides five new loopholes for how "states may apply blanket waiver of recovery of overpayments" but fail to require any determination of whether fraud existed. While the UIPL states there is legal authority for such action, it is unclear if this accurate.

Given the OIG's work ensuring the recovery of taxpayer dollars, we would like to understand how your work will continue after the UIPL, and in particular any impact on your ability to initiate and conduct investigation and prosecution of fraudulent activity in pandemic unemployment programs. Please provide answers to the questions below by February 28, 2022. Please provide answers after each written question.

1. Did ETA consult with the OIG to ensure these waivers would not impact existing investigations? If so, what was OIG's response?

2. Did ETA consult with the OIG to confirm the UIPL was in accordance with the law? If so, what legal opinion did OIG provide?

3. Will ETA's interpretation adversely impact the OIG's pursuit of fraud in the UI program?

4. Is ETA adequately responding to the OIG's outstanding report recommendations?

5. Is there a possibility that the UIPL will allow for fraudulent CARES Act unemployment insurance payments to go uncollected?

Thank you for your attention to this matter.

Sincerely,

Richard Burr, Ranking Member, Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee

Kevin Brady, Ranking Member, House Committee on Ways and Means

Mike Crapo, Ranking Member, Senate Finance Committee

James Comer, Ranking Member, House Committee on Oversight and Reform

Rob Portman, Ranking Member, Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee

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