PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL INC – 10-Q – MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Overview 69 COVID-19 70 Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment 71 Results of Operations 74 Consolidated Results of Operations 74 Segment Results of Operations 75 Segment Measures 77 Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates 77 Accounting Policies & Pronouncements 80 Results of Operations by Segment 81 PGIM 81U.S. Businesses 85 Retirement 86Group Insurance 87 Individual Annuities 88 Individual Life 93 Assurance IQ 94 International Businesses 95 Corporate and Other 98 Divested and Run-off Businesses 98 Closed Block Division 99 Income Taxes 100
Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities, Assets Supporting Experience-Rated
Contractholder Liabilities and Other Related Investments
100 Valuation of Assets and Liabilities 102 General Account Investments 103 Liquidity and Capital Resources 121 Ratings 131 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") addresses the consolidated financial condition ofPrudential Financial, Inc. ("Prudential," "Prudential Financial ," "PFI," or "the Company") as ofMarch 31, 2022 , compared withDecember 31, 2021 , and its consolidated results of operations for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021. You should read the following analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the MD&A, the "Risk Factors" section, and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , as well as the statements under "Forward-Looking Statements," and the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. 68
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table of Contents
OverviewPrudential Financial , a financial services leader with approximately$1.620 trillion of assets under management as ofMarch 31, 2022 , has operations primarily inthe United States of America ("U.S."),Asia ,Europe andLatin America . Through our subsidiaries and affiliates, we offer a wide array of financial products and services, including life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds and investment management. We offer these products and services to individual and institutional customers through one of the largest distribution networks in the financial services industry. Our principal operations consist of PGIM (our global investment management business), ourU.S. Businesses (consisting of our Retirement, Group Insurance, Individual Annuities, Individual Life and Assurance IQ businesses), our International Businesses, the Closed Block division, and our Corporate and Other operations. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the Divested and Run-off Businesses that are included in Corporate and Other. Divested and Run-off Businesses consist of businesses that have been, or will be, sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind-down status that do not qualify for "discontinued operations" accounting treatment under generally accepted accounting principles inthe United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). Our Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments as well as the Divested and Run-off Businesses described above. We attribute financing costs to each segment based on the amount of financing used by each segment, excluding financing costs associated with corporate debt, which are reflected in our Corporate and Other operations. The net investment income of each segment includes earnings on the amount of capital that management believes is necessary to support the risks of that segment. InOctober 2021 , we announced the creation of Retirement Strategies, a newU.S. business that will serve the retirement needs of both individual and institutional customers. This business will bring the financial solutions and capabilities of our Individual Annuities business together with the institutional investment and pension solutions offered through our Retirement business. The new leadership team continues to make decisions around the business's operating structure. When this new structure is finalized and operational, the presentation of our segment results may be modified to conform to this new structure. Management expects that results will continue to benefit from our differentiated mix of market-leading businesses that complement each other to provide competitive advantages, earnings diversification and capital benefits from a balanced risk profile. We believe we are well-positioned to tap into market opportunities to meet the evolving needs of individual customers, workplace clients, and society at large. Our mix of high-quality protection, retirement and investment management businesses enables us to offer solutions that cover a broad range of financial needs and to engage with our clients through multiple channels, including the ability to sell solutions across a broad socio-economic spectrum through Assurance IQ's digital platform. We aim to expand our addressable market, build deeper and longer-lasting relationships with customers and clients, and meaningfully improve their financial wellness. While challenges have existed in the form of a sustained low interest rate environment, interest rates have begun to rise from historically low levels. In the short term, rising interest rates will cause a decrease in our assets under management and associated fee income in our fee-based businesses, while over the longer term, rising interest rates will drive an increase in investment income from higher portfolio reinvestment rates. In order to further increase our competitive advantage, we are working to enhance the experience of our customers and the capabilities of our businesses, which we expect will also help us realize improved margins. In 2019, we launched programs in pursuit of these objectives that have resulted and will continue to result in multi-year investments in technology, systems and employee reskilling, as well as severance and related charges. For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we incurred approximately$25 million of costs in connection with these programs. We expect these programs will generate significant expense efficiencies over several years that will mitigate the impact from increases in other expenses due to inflation and business growth initiatives. For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , the Company estimates that these programs generated cost savings of approximately$170 million and, as ofMarch 31, 2022 , we remain on track to accumulate approximately$750 million of annual run-rate cost savings by the end of 2023. Annually during the second quarter of each year, we perform a comprehensive review of actuarial assumptions. As part of this review, we may update these assumptions and make refinements to our models based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data, including any observable market data. For additional information, see "-Accounting Policies & Pronouncements-Application of Critical Accounting Estimates" below as well as the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 . 69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents COVID-19
Since the first quarter of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused extreme stress
and disruption in the global economy and financial markets and elevated
mortality and morbidity for the global population. The COVID-19 pandemic
impacted our results of operations in the current period and is expected to
impact our results of operations in future periods.
The Company has taken several measures to manage the impacts of this crisis. The actual and expected impacts of these events and other items are included in the following update: •Outlook.U.S. Businesses:The United States has experienced multiple waves of COVID-19, with the severity of each wave depending on such factors as seasonality, varying levels of population immunity, and the evolution of the virus itself into different variants. Throughout the course of the pandemic, deaths from COVID-19 inthe United States have ranged from a few hundred to several thousand per day. InDecember 2021 , the Omicron variant emerged in theU.S. and quickly became the dominant strain, causing many more infections but with a smaller percentage of infections resulting in hospitalizations and deaths compared to prior waves, though still causing deaths to spike during the first quarter of 2022. Vaccines and other therapeutics, such as antiviral treatments, are now widely available and non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as mandatory social distancing and mask wearing, are being relaxed in most communities; however, the future evolution of the virus, among other factors, could cause the actual course of the pandemic and its impact on our business to differ from our current expectations.
Specific outlook considerations for certain of our
following:
Retirement. As many of the products in our Institutional Investment Products
business assume longevity risk, elevated levels of mortality resulting from
COVID-19 may continue to contribute to higher levels of underwriting gains.
Group Insurance . We anticipate that COVID-19 will continue to contribute in the near-term to elevated levels of mortality resulting in increased life insurance claims. In addition, we are continuing to monitor the potential impact of the pandemic on our disability business, overall sales volumes, and the utilization of our workplace benefit offerings.
Individual Life. We expect COVID-19 to continue to contribute in the near-term
to elevated levels of mortality, resulting in increased life insurance claims.
International Businesses:
Our Japanese operations experienced an elevated level of COVID-19 claims due to the spread of the Omicron variant in the first quarter of 2022. In response to this spread, Japanese authorities enacted control measures, which disrupted sales and agent recruiting while these measures were in place; however, these restrictions were subsequently lifted towards the end of the quarter. Although we have seen signs of improvement across all key markets, the situation remains fluid and COVID-19 might impact future claims and sales depending on the state of the pandemic in the geographic markets in which we operate. We believe our needs-based selling and death protection focus are even more valuable to consumers based on the global experience of COVID-19 and will help support the continued long-term growth of our businesses.
•Results of Operations. See "-Results of Operations" and "-Results of Operations
by Segment" for a discussion of results for the first quarter of 2022.
•Investment Portfolio. The economy continues to recover and remains on a path to re-opening. Credit migration and defaults were low in 2021 and have remained limited in 2022. The sectors most impacted from COVID-19 have started to recover but could be influenced by periods of volatility due to the possibility of additional variants emerging.
•Sales and Flows. See "-Segment Results of Operations" for a discussion of sales
and flows in each of our segments.
•Underwriting Results. Through the first three months of 2022, we estimate that COVID-19 had a significant net negative impact on our underwriting results reflecting unfavorable mortality impacts in ourGroup Insurance , Individual Life and International businesses, partially offset by favorable mortality impacts in our Retirement business. For the 70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents second quarter of 2022, the Company expects underwriting results to be adversely impacted by approximately$40 million in ourU.S. Businesses, predominantly in ourGroup Insurance business, and approximately$25 million in our International Businesses; however, the ultimate impact on our underwriting results will depend on various factors including: an insured's age; geographic concentration; insured versus uninsured populations among the fatalities; the transmissibility and virulence of the virus, including the potential for further mutation; and the ongoing acceptance and efficacy of the vaccines and other therapeutics. •Risk Management. Prudential has a robust risk management framework that seeks to ensure we can fulfill our customer, regulatory, and other stakeholder obligations under a range of stress scenarios by maintaining the appropriate balance between the Company's resources and risks. We evaluate the Company's exposure to stress under four lenses (economic, STAT, GAAP, and liquidity). Our risk management framework incorporates severe to very severe stresses across equities, interest rates, credit migration and defaults, currencies and mortality. This framework includes a specific "pandemic and sell-off" scenario with a mortality calamity (1.5 extra deaths per 1,000 lives in the first year) based on a modern-day interpretation of the 1918 Spanish Flu experience that is aligned with most regulatory frameworks. The stress scenario assumes an even distribution of increased mortality across the population, which is more adversely impactful to the Company than our current understanding of COVID-19 mortality, which is skewed toward older ages. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to unfold, we continue to update our analysis and take management actions in response to this specific event. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , the COVID-19 pandemic has not reached the most severe levels of financial impacts included in the Company's stress testing. In addition, the net mortality impact of COVID-19 has been moderated by the balance between our mortality exposure (such as in ourIndividual Life and Group Insurance businesses) and our offsetting longevity exposure (such as in our Retirement business), and is influenced by the age distribution ofU.S. COVID-19 mortality. The future evolution of the virus, among other factors, could cause the actual course of the pandemic to differ from our current expectations. •Risk Factors. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our results of operations, financial position, investment portfolio, new business opportunities and operations, and these impacts are expected to continue. For additional information on the risks to our business posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, see "Risk Factors" included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 . •Business Continuity. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been executing our business continuity protocols to ensure our employees are safe and able to serve our customers. This included effectively transitioning the vast majority of our employees to remote work arrangements. InMarch 2022 , our offices were reopened to employees and we expect that most of our workforce will adopt a hybrid arrangement for the foreseeable future. We believe all of our businesses can sustain long-term hybrid or fully remote work arrangements while ensuring that critical business operations are sustained. In addition, we are managing COVID-19 related impacts on third-party provided services, and do not anticipate significant interruption in critical operations.
Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment
As a global financial services company, market interest rates are a key driver of our results of operations and financial condition. Changes in interest rates can affect our results of operations and/or our financial condition in several ways, including favorable or adverse impacts to: •investment-related activity, including: investment income returns, net interest margins, net investment spread results, new money rates, mortgage loan prepayments and bond redemptions; •hedging costs and other risk mitigation activities; •insurance reserve levels, market experience true-ups and amortization of both deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") and value of business acquired ("VOBA"); •customer account values, including their impact on fee income; •fair value of, and possible impairments on, intangible assets such as goodwill; •product offerings, design features, crediting rates and sales mix; and •policyholder behavior, including surrender or withdrawal activity.
For more information on interest rate risks, see "Risk Factors-Market Risk"
included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents See below for discussions related to the current interest rate environments in our two largest markets, theU.S. andJapan ; the composition of our insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances; and the hypothetical impacts to our investment related results if these interest rate environments are sustained.
Interest rates in theU.S. have experienced a sustained period of historically low levels with certain benchmarks reaching significant lows in recent years, while increasing more recently. Although more recent impacts of inflation in theU.S. , along with other varying market conditions and events, make uncertain the timing, amount and impact of any monetary policy decisions by theFederal Reserve , changes in interest rates may impact our reinvestment yields, primarily for our investments in fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans. As interest rates decline, our reinvestment yield may be below our overall portfolio yield, resulting in an unfavorable impact to earnings. Conversely, as interest rates rise, our reinvestment yield may exceed the overall portfolio yield resulting in a favorable impact to earnings. For the general account supporting ourU.S. Businesses and our Corporate and Other operations, we estimate annual principal payments and prepayments that we would be required to reinvest to be approximately 5.6% of the fixed maturity security and commercial mortgage loan portfolios through 2023. The portion of the general account attributable to these operations has approximately$224 billion of such assets (based on net carrying value and including assets classified as "held-for-sale") as ofMarch 31, 2022 . The average portfolio yield for fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans is approximately 3.7% as ofMarch 31, 2022 . Included in the$224 billion of fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans are approximately$174 billion that are subject to call or redemption features at the issuer's option and have a weighted average interest rate of approximately 4%. Of this$174 billion , approximately 51% contain provisions for prepayment premiums. If we reinvest scheduled payments or prepayments (not subject to a prepayment fee) at rates below the current portfolio yield, including in some cases at rates below those guaranteed under our insurance contracts, future operating results will be impacted to the extent we do not, or are unable to, reduce crediting rates on in-force blocks of business, or effectively utilize other asset/liability management strategies described below, in order to maintain current net interest margins. The following table sets forth the insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances of ourU.S. operations excluding the Closed Block Division, by type, for the date indicated: As of March 31, 2022 (in billions) Long-duration insurance products with fixed and guaranteed terms $ 150
Contracts with adjustable crediting rates subject to guaranteed minimums
61 Participating contracts where investment income risk ultimately accrues to contractholders 13 Total $ 224 The$150 billion above relates to long-duration products such as group annuities, structured settlements and other insurance products that have fixed and guaranteed terms, for which underlying assets may have to be reinvested at interest rates that are lower than portfolio rates. We seek to mitigate the impact of a prolonged low interest rate environment on these contracts through asset/liability management, as discussed further below. The$61 billion above relates to contracts with crediting rates that may be adjusted over the life of the contract, subject to guaranteed minimums. Although we may have the ability to lower crediting rates for those contracts above guaranteed minimums, our willingness to do so may be limited by competitive pressures. The following table sets forth the related account values by range of guaranteed minimum crediting rates and the related range of the difference, in basis points ("bps"), between rates being credited to contractholders as ofMarch 31, 2022 , and the respective guaranteed minimums. 72
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table of Contents
Account Values with
Adjustable Crediting Rates Subject to Guaranteed Minimums:
Greater than 1-49 50-99 100-150 150 At bps above bps above bps above bps above guaranteed guaranteed guaranteed guaranteed guaranteed minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum Total ($ in billions) Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rates: Less than 1.00%$ 1.1 $ 1.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 2.3 1.00% - 1.99% 4.3 13.4 1.9 0.8 2.4 22.8 2.00% - 2.99% 1.3 0.0 1.2 1.4 3.3 7.2 3.00% - 4.00% 25.7 0.0 1.7 0.7 0.1 28.2 Greater than 4.00% 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 Total(1)$ 33.2 $ 14.5 $ 4.9 $ 2.9 $ 5.8 $ 61.3 Percentage of total 54 % 24 % 8 % 5 % 9 % 100 % __________
(1)Includes approximately
market value adjustment if the invested amount is not held to maturity.
The remaining$13 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances in these operations relates to participating contracts for which the investment income risk is expected to ultimately accrue to contractholders. The crediting rates for these contracts are periodically adjusted based on the return earned on the related assets. Assuming a hypothetical scenario where the average 10-yearU.S. Treasury rate is 2.50% (which is reasonably consistent with recent rates) for the period fromApril 1, 2022 throughMarch 31, 2023 (and credit spreads remain unchanged from average levels experienced during the first quarter 2022), we estimate that the impact to net investment income of reinvesting activities, including scheduled maturities and estimated prepayments of fixed maturities and commercial mortgage and other loans (excluding assets supporting participating contracts), would be between$0 million and$(20) million over this period. In order to mitigate the unfavorable impact that a low interest rate environment has on our net interest margins, we employ a proactive asset/liability management program, which includes strategic asset allocation and hedging strategies within a disciplined risk management framework. These strategies seek to match the characteristics of our products, and to closely approximate the interest rate sensitivity of the assets with the estimated interest rate sensitivity of the product liabilities. Our asset/liability management program also helps manage duration gaps, currency and other risks between assets and liabilities through the use of derivatives. We adjust this dynamic process as products change, as customer behavior changes and as changes in the market environment occur. As a result, our asset/liability management process has permitted us to manage the interest rate risk associated with our products through several market cycles. Our interest rate exposure is also mitigated by our business mix, which includes lines of business for which fee-based and insurance underwriting earnings play a more prominent role in product profitability. We also regularly examine our product offerings and their profitability. As a result, we may reprice certain products and discontinue sales of other products that do not meet our profit expectations.
Closed Block Division
Substantially all of the$55 billion of general account assets in the Closed Block division support obligations and liabilities relating to the Closed Block policies only. See Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the Closed Block.
International Insurance Operations
While our international insurance operations have experienced a low interest rate environment for many years, the current reinvestment yields for certain blocks of business in our international insurance operations are generally lower than the current portfolio yield supporting these blocks of business. In recent years, the Bank of Japan's monetary policy has resulted in even lower and, at times, negative yields for certain tenors of government bonds. Our international insurance operations employ a proactive asset/liability management program in order to mitigate, to the extent possible, the unfavorable impact that the current interest rate environment has on our net interest margins. In conjunction with this program, we have not purchased negative yielding assets to support the portfolio and we continue to purchase long-term bonds with tenors of 30 years or greater. Additionally, our diverse product portfolio in terms of currency mix and premium payment structure allows us to further mitigate the negative impact from this low interest rate environment. We also regularly examine our product offerings and their profitability. As a result, we may reprice certain products, adjust commissions for certain products and discontinue sales of other products that do not meet our profit expectations. The impact of these actions and the introduction of certain new products 73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents has resulted in an increase in sales ofU.S. dollar-denominated products relative to products denominated in other currencies. For additional information on sales within our international insurance operations, see "-International Businesses-Sales Results," below. The following table sets forth the insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances of our Japanese operations, by type, for the date indicated: As of March 31, 2022 (in billions) Insurance products with fixed and guaranteed terms $ 137
Contracts with a market value adjustment if invested amount is not held to
maturity
25
Contracts with adjustable crediting rates subject to guaranteed minimums
10 Total $ 172 The$137 billion is primarily comprised of long-duration insurance products that have fixed and guaranteed terms- for which underlying assets may have to be reinvested at interest rates that are lower than current portfolio yields. The remaining insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances include$25 billion related to contracts that impose a market value adjustment if the invested amount is not held to maturity and$10 billion related to contracts with crediting rates that may be adjusted over the life of the contract, subject to guaranteed minimums. Most of the current crediting rates on these contracts, however, are at or near contractual minimums. Although we have the ability in some cases to lower crediting rates for those contracts that are above guaranteed minimum crediting rates, the majority of this business has interest crediting rates that are determined by formula. Assuming a hypothetical scenario where the average 30-year Japanese Government Bond yield is 0.90% and the 10-yearU.S. Treasury rate is 2.50% (which is reasonably consistent with recent rates) for the period fromApril 1, 2022 throughMarch 31, 2023 (and credit spreads remain unchanged from average levels experienced during the first quarter 2022), we estimate that there would be no material impact to net investment income of reinvesting activities, including scheduled maturities and estimated prepayments of fixed maturities and commercial mortgage and other loans (excluding assets supporting participating contracts), over this period.
PALOMAR HOLDINGS, INC. – 10-Q – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Opinion: Blue Cross has a big pile of cash
Advisor News
Annuity News
Health/Employee Benefits News
Life Insurance News