Investigators at Brown University Report Findings in Health and Medicine (Coverage Gaps and Contraceptive Use Among Medicare Enrollees With Disabilities): Health and Medicine

2025 JUL 21 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health Policy and Law Daily -- Investigators discuss new findings in Health and Medicine. According to news reporting originating from Providence, Rhode Island, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “<bold>Importance Medicare is the primary health insurance payer for 1.5 million reproductive-aged women with disabilities, yet it is the only major form of US health insurance that is not required to cover contraceptives for pregnancy prevention. <bold >Objective To evaluate whether Medicare’s contraceptive coverage gaps were associated with reduced use of contraceptives by enrollees with disabilities. <bold >Design, Setting, and Participants In this national, cross-sectional study, traditional Medicare ™, Medicare Advantage (MA), and Medicaid claims from female enrollees aged 20 to 49 years receiving Social Security Disability Insurance or Supplemental Security Income from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020, were linked. The propensity score-weighted probability of contraceptive use by public insurance type was estimated, then the association between gaining contraceptive coverage through a transition from Medicare to dual Medicare-Medicaid enrollment and contraceptive use was evaluated using a staggered-entry difference-in-differences design.”

Financial support for this research came from NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD).

Our news editors obtained a quote from the research from Brown University, “Data were analyzed from December 3, 2024, to April 5, 2025. <bold >Exposures Public insurance enrollment in TM, MA, dual TM-Medicaid, dual MA-Medicaid, or Medicaid. <bold >Main Outcomes and Measures Monthly use of permanent contraceptives, long-acting reversible contraceptives (intrauterine device and implant), and short-acting contraceptives (injectable and oral contraceptives, patch, and ring). <bold >Results A total of 51 501 303 monthly observations from 1 606 129 women were included in the analysis. Mean (SD) age was 35.93 (8.58) years; 1.8% of monthly observations were from Asian women, 30.7% from Black women, 13.0% from Hispanic women, 52.6% from White women, and 1.9% from multiracial women or women identifying as another race and ethnicity not reported on previously. Those enrolled in TM and MA were more often older and non-Hispanic White compared with those dual enrolled or enrolled in Medicaid. The estimated monthly probability of use of any contraceptive method was lowest among TM (4.9%; 95% CI, 4.9%-4.9%) and MA (6.6%; 95% CI, 6.5%-6.6%) enrollees, followed by Medicaid (11.0%; 95% CI, 11.0%-11.0%), dual MA-Medicaid (11.3%; 95% CI, 11.3%-11.4%), and dual TM-Medicaid (13.1%; 95% CI, 13.0%-13.1%) enrollees. Gaining contraceptive coverage through dual enrollment was associated with an increase of 3.9 (95% CI, 3.5-4.3) percentage points (35%) in use of any contraceptive method, with the largest increase in use of short-acting methods at 2.6 (95% CI, 2.3-3.0) percentage points (45%). <bold >Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study of contraceptive use in the Medicare program, gaining contraceptive coverage through dual Medicare-Medicaid enrollment was associated with increased contraceptive use among disabled Medicare enrollees, suggesting that Medicare’s coverage gaps pose a financial barrier to desired contraceptive use. Given these findings, Medicare should be required to cover all US Food and Drug Administration-approved contraceptive methods without cost-sharing.”

According to the news editors, the research concluded: “Doing so would align Medicare’s coverage requirements with those of Medicaid, private insurance plans, and TRICARE.”

For more information on this research see: Coverage Gaps and Contraceptive Use Among Medicare Enrollees With Disabilities. JAMA Network Open, 2025;8(6). JAMA Network Open can be contacted at: Amer Medical Assoc, 330 N Wabash Ave, Ste 39300, Chicago, IL 60611-5885, USA.

The news editors report that additional information may be obtained by contacting Meghan Bellerose, Brown University, School of Public Health, Dept. of Health Services Policy and Practice, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI 02906, United States. Additional authors for this research include Maria W. Steenland, David J. Meyers, Theresa I. Shireman, Jacqueline Ellison and Monika Mitra.

The direct object identifier (DOI) for that additional information is: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.17718. This DOI is a link to an online electronic document that is either free or for purchase, and can be your direct source for a journal article and its citation.

(Our reports deliver fact-based news of research and discoveries from around the world.)