Congressional Research Service: 'U.S. Assistance for Sub-Saharan Africa – An Overview' (Part 2 of 2)
(Continued from Part 1 of 2)
* * *
The MCC, which
As of
The MCC has suspended or terminated engagement with some governments due to failure to meet governance or other criteria. Most recently, in 2023, the MCC suspended aid for
DFC provides developing countries with loans, loan guarantees and insurance, direct equity, and technical assistance aimed at fostering economic development and advancing
* * *
33 See CRS Report RL32427,
34 This includes an addition of
35 MCC, "MCC Board Suspends Assistance to
36 MCC, "MCC's Board Selects Belize,
37 MCC, "
38 CRS Specialist in
39 This trend dates back to DRC's predecessor agency, the
40 DFC, "At
41 CRS analysis of DFC's active projects database.
42 OPIC launched Connect Africa in 2018. See DFC, "DFC to Launch Regional Team Based in
* * *
The USADF is a federally funded, independent nonprofit corporation, established by
The
International Financial Institution Assistance
* * *
43 See CRS Report RS21168, The
44
45 See CRS In Focus IF11902, International Financial Institutions: FY2024 Budget Request; CRS Report R41170, Multilateral Development Banks: Overview and Issues for
46 For supplemental assistance allocations, see
* * *
The
In
* Food security and health workforce aid. Among the largest financial pledges made at the ALS were
* Digital Transformation with Africa (DTA).
strengthen digital enabling environments" in
* African Democratic and Political Transitions (ADAPT). The Administration unveiled ADAPT, a new initiative to "provide rapid, flexible support and assistance to governments and civil society during vulnerable yet critical political transitions."/52 A
* alumni and connect them with social impact and business investors."/53
* * *
47
48 In a fact sheet on Summit pledges, the
49
50
51
52
53
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The Administration named retired Ambassador
The FY2024 Aid Budget Request for Africa
The Administration requested
Health. Health assistance comprises 73% of the FY2024 request for Africa, at
trends, HIV/AIDS-related assistance constitutes around 65% of the health request and nearly half of all
* * *
54
55
56 See, e.g., remarks by
* * *
Health Aid for Africa: FY2024 Request vs. FY2022 Actual Allocations
HIV/AIDS:
Malaria:
Family Planning/Reprod. Health:
Global Health Security:
Water Supply and Sanitation:
Tuberculosis:
Nutrition:
* * *
Figure 7.The FY2024 Health Assistance Request for Africa, by Program Area
Source: CRS graphic, based on data in
* * *
Economic Growth. Economic growth assistance for Africa would increase by nearly 40% from FY2022 allocations, to
Trade and investment aid would more than double, to
Peace and Security. The FY2024 request proposes
* * *
57
* * *
Economic Growth Aid for Africa: FY2024
Request vs. FY2022 Actual Allocations
Agriculture:
Trade/Investment:
Environment:
ICT Services:
Private Sector Productivity:
Modern Energy Services:
Climate Change-Related Assistance
- Adaptation:
- Clean Energy:
- Sustainable Landscapes:
* * *
PKO would continue to be the leading vehicle for
DRG. DRG aid would see the largest proportional increase of any sector, with
Education and Social Services. Total education and social services funding for Africa would see a
* * *
Peace and Security Aid for Africa: FY2024 Request vs. FY2022 Actual Allocations
Strengthening Mil. Partnerships/Capabilities:
Counter-Terrorism:
Citizen Security/Law Enforcement:
Weapons Security/Explosive Remnants of War:
Conflict Mitigation/Stabilization:
Transnational Threats/Crime:
Combatting Weapons of Mass Destruction:
Counter-Narcotics:
Trafficking in Persons:
* * *
DRG Aid for Africa: FY2024 Request vs. FY2022 Actual Allocations
Good Governance:
Rule of Law:
Pol.
Media and
Human Rights:
* * *
58 These include TSCTP (
59
60 The request includes an additional
* * *
Table 1.
Source:
* * *
Outlook and Issues for
Assistance for Africa is one among several considerations for
Global and regional developments are likely to continue to shape
As
Scale and Balance. Members may debate whether
Transparency and Oversight. Definitive accounts of
* * *
61 See, e.g., remarks by then-Rep.
62 See, e.g., remarks by Sen.
63 See, e.g.,
64 See, e.g., remarks by Rep.
65 See, e.g., remarks by Sen.
66 See, e.g., remarks by
* * *
Gaps in region- and country-level allocation data may partly reflect the preservation of flexibility in
Restrictions on
* Section 7042 ("Africa") of the
* Section 7008 in annual SFOPS appropriations legislation (most recently, Division K of P.L. 117-328), which restricts certain
* The International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (IRFA, P.L. 105-292, as amended), which sets out a list of punitive actions, including aid restrictions, to be imposed on "Countries of Particular Concern" (CPCs) whose governments engage in or tolerate "particularly severe" religious freedom violations./70 Such punitive measures are subject to a waiver or referral to existing sanctions on the country. Most recently, in 2022, Secretary of State
* * *
67 On
68
69 See CRS In Focus IF11267, Coup-Related Restrictions in
70 CRS In Focus IF10803, Global Human Rights: International Religious
71 In the 118th Cong.,
* * *
* The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA, P.L. 106-386, as amended) and related legislation, which restrict "nonhumanitarian, non-trade related assistance" and certain other engagement for governments that the
* The Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008 (CSPA, Title IV of P.L. 110-457, as amended) and related legislation, which restrict certain security assistance for countries in which state security forces or state-backed militia have recruited or used child soldiers./74 In its 2023 TIP report, the
The so-called "Leahy Laws" restrict individual units or members of foreign security forces who have been credibly implicated in a "gross violation of human rights" from receiving most kinds of
Country Ownership. Most
* * *
72 CRS In Focus IF10587, Human Trafficking and
73
74 CRS In Focus IF10901, Child Soldiers Prevention Act: Security Assistance Restrictions.
75
76 See CRS In Focus IF10575, Global Human Rights: Security Forces Vetting ("Leahy Laws"), by
77 Speech by USAID Administrator
* * *
Possible Unintended Consequences. Analysts and advocates have raised concerns over potential unintended consequences of
Some lawmakers have questioned whether providing security aid to governments with poor human rights records may strengthen abusive militaries and contribute to poor governance./81 Amid a wave of military coups in
* * *
78 For a critical assessment of foreign assistance in
79
80
81 See, e.g. letter from Representatives
82 See, e.g., remarks by Rep.
83 For one evaluation of
84
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The report is posted at: https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R46368
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