Proxy Statement (Form DEF 14A)

March 4, 2025

Dear Shareholder,

You are cordially invited to attend the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of M&T Bank Corporation to be held on Tuesday, April 15, 2025, at 11:00 a.m. EasteTime.

This year's meeting will be a virtual Annual Meeting conducted by live webcast only. You will be able to attend the meeting online as more fully described in the accompanying notice of the Annual Meeting and proxy statement.

Shareholders will be asked to vote on the following matters at the virtual Annual Meeting:

Your vote is important. Whether or not you plan to attend the virtual Annual Meeting, we encourage you to vote your shares as promptly as possible via the internet, by telephone or by executing and returning your signed proxy card if one was mailed to you.

We encourage you to carefully review this year's notice and proxy statement, which contain important information about voting your shares, attending the virtual Annual Meeting and the business to be conducted at the meeting.

Thank you for your continued support of M&T.

Sincerely,

RENÉ F. JONES

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

March 4, 2025

MARIE KING

Corporate Secretary

ATTENDING AND PARTICIPATING IN THE ANNUAL MEETING

Virtual Meeting

We are holding the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the "Annual Meeting") in a virtual meeting format exclusively by webcast. No physical meeting will be held.

As more fully described in the "General Information-Questions and Answers" section of the proxy statement, you are entitled to participate in the Annual Meeting if, as of the close of business on February 20, 2025, you held shares of M&T Bank Corporation common stock registered in your name (a "Registered Holder"), or you held shares through an intermediary, such as a bank or broker, and have a valid legal proxy for the Annual Meeting (a "Beneficial Holder"). Both Registered Holders and Beneficial Holders will be able to attend the Annual Meeting online, ask questions and vote during the meeting by visiting meetnow.global/M42CZQ7 and following the instructions. Please have your control number, which can be found on your proxy card, notice or email previously received, to access the Annual Meeting. While we expect that the vast majority of Beneficial Holders will be able to participate using the control number received with their voting instruction form, there is no guarantee this option will be available for every type of Beneficial Holders' control numbers, and some Beneficial Holders may instead have to register in advance of the Annual Meeting. Please see the "General Information-Questions and Answers" section of the proxy statement for more information.

Technical Support

We encourage shareholders to visit the meeting website above in advance of the Annual Meeting to familiarize themselves with the online access process. The virtual Annual Meeting platform is fully supported across browsers and devices that are equipped with the most updated version of applicable software and plugins.

Shareholders encountering difficulty with the Annual Meeting virtual platform during the sign-inprocess or at any time during the meeting may utilize technical support provided by M&T through Computershare by calling 1-888-724-2416.Technical support information also is provided on the sign-inpage for all shareholders.

Participation and Questions

Shareholders will have substantially the same opportunities to participate in our virtual Annual Meeting as they would have at an in-personmeeting. Shareholders as of the record date will be able to attend, vote, examine the shareholder list, and submit questions during a portion of the meeting via the online platform. Shareholders may also submit questions in advance of the Annual Meeting by sending them via email to: ir@mtb.com. Please send any questions in advance of the Annual Meeting by 5:00 p.m. EasteTime on Friday, April 11, 2025.

Questions that comply with the Annual Meeting's rules of conduct and that are germane to the purpose of the Annual Meeting will be answered during the meeting, subject to time constraints. If there are questions regarding matters of personal conceto a shareholder or if a question posed is not answered, M&T's Corporate Development & Investor Relations Department will respond after the Annual Meeting. If we receive substantially similar questions from multiple shareholders, we may group them together. Prior to the Annual Meeting, the meeting website will contain details on other procedures and guidelines relevant to the Annual Meeting, as well as technical support information. Even if you intend to attend the virtual Annual Meeting, to ensure your shares are represented, please vote your shares in advance of the meeting over the internet or by telephone, or complete and retua physical proxy card by mail.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROXY SUMMARY

M&T Bank Corporation ("M&T," "we," "our," or the "company") is providing you this proxy statement because its Board of Directors (the "Board") is soliciting your proxy to vote your shares of M&T common stock at the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the "Annual Meeting"), or any adjournment or adjournments thereof. The proxy materials are first being made available to shareholders of M&T on or about March 4, 2025. The Annual Meeting will be held on Tuesday, April 15, 2025.

For information on the details of the voting process, how to attend the virtual Annual Meeting and other important procedures, please see "General Information-Questions and Answers" starting on page 90.

Voting Matters and Board Recommendations

About Our Company

M&T is a financial holding company headquartered in Buffalo, New York, driven to make a positive difference in people's lives.

M&T's principal banking subsidiary, M&T Bank, creates unique opportunities for our commercial, business, and retail clients through financial services and personalized customer service across its branch and ATM network. M&T's network of core, specialty, and institutional banking services, bolstered by Wilmington Trust's wealth guidance, connect customers and businesses to the capital, people, and ideas that foster success and deepen relationships across the country and beyond.

A Bank for Communities

M&T strives to be a trusted partner to empower aspirations-both big and small-for customers and communities. Whether it is financial advice, strategic advice, or convening key connections, we aim to add value and create unique opportunities for our commercial, business and retail clients.

Proposal 1-Election of Directors

M&T aims to maintain a highly engaged Board with balanced tenure and substantive expertise that has a diversity of skills and backgrounds necessary to effectively oversee our management team and serve the long-term interests of our company and shareholders.

We are asking our shareholders to elect 14 director nominees at the Annual Meeting to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. Each nominee is elected annually by the affirmative vote of the majority of votes cast.

Director Nominees

Board Composition

In discharging its duties to review director nominees, the Nomination and Governance Committee (the "N&G Committee") considers the experience, skill set, independence and diversity of backgrounds of nominees in the full context of the current composition, needs, and obligations of the Board. A balanced Board composition, supplemented by a thoughtful approach to director refreshment, is a priority.

The 14 director nominees represent a range of backgrounds, professions, skills, experiences and communities. The N&G Committee believes these complementary skills and experiences produce an effective and highly qualified Board. The N&G Committee also believes it is desirable to maintain a mix of experienced, longer-tenured directors who possess deep institutional knowledge along with newer directors who have different areas of expertise, backgrounds and perspectives. Information on the skills, tenure, independence, and gender and racial diversity of the Board, including a Board Skills Matrix, can be found in the Corporate Governance of M&T Bank Corporation section of this proxy statement.

At the 2025 Annual Meeting, 50% of our 14 director nominees represent gender or racial diversity, including four women and three people of color. The director nominees range in age from 47 to 79, and the average age is approximately 67. Half of the director nominees have served on the Board for five years or less.

See "Proposal 1-Election of Directors" and "Corporate Governance of M&T Bank Corporation" further below for more information on our director nominees as well as Board qualifications, tenure, independence and diversity.

See "Corporate Governance of M&T Bank Corporation" further below in this proxy statement for more information on our corporate governance practices.

Proposal 2-Advisory, Non-BindingVote to Approve the 2024 Compensation of M&T Bank Corporation's Named Executive Officers

We are asking our shareholders to review and vote, on an advisory basis, on the 2024 compensation of our named executive officers ("NEOs"). As described in the "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" section of this proxy statement, our executive compensation policies and practices are centered on creating a pay-for-performance culture that drives M&T performance, aligns the interests of our executives with the long-term interests of our shareholders and reduces incentives for unnecessary and excessive risk-taking.

The following illustrates some important features of our executive compensation program:

Total Compensation Pay Mix

Our executive compensation program provides for a mix of base salary, short-term cash incentives and long-term equity-based incentives that vest over time in alignment with our compensation philosophy and the objectives cited above.

The charts below show the 2024 performance year total compensation pay mix of our CEO and the average of our other NEOs. For this purpose, compensation for the "performance year" consists of (i) annual base salary as of the end of 2024, (ii) short-term cash incentive ("STI") paid in 2025 for 2024 performance, and (iii) the long-term equity-based incentive ("LTI") award (target value) granted in 2025 for 2024 performance.

Our LTI award is a mix of performance-vested stock units ("PVSUs"), performance-hurdled stock units ("PHSUs") and non-qualifiedstock options ("stock options" or "NQSOs"). As shown here, 90% of 2024 performance year target pay is "at risk" for our CEO and, on average, 83% is "at risk" for our other NEOs.

As described in more detail in the "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" section of this proxy statement:

See "Proposal 2-Advisory, Non-BindingVote to Approve the 2024 Compensation of M&T Bank Corporation's Named Executive Officers" further below in this proxy statement for more information.

Proposal 3-Ratification of the Appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of M&T Bank Corporation for the Year Ending December 31, 2025

We are asking shareholders to ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2025.

The Audit Committee annually evaluates the qualifications, performance and independence of the independent auditor. As a result of this evaluation, on February 18, 2025, the Audit Committee appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of M&T for the year ending December 31, 2025. The Audit Committee and Board believe the continued retention of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is in the best interests of M&T and its shareholders.

See "Proposal 3-Ratification of the Appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of M&T Bank Corporation for the Year Ending December31, 2025" further below in this proxy statement for more information.

PROXY STATEMENT

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Upon the recommendation of the N&G Committee, the Board recommends the following 14 persons for election as directors of M&T, to hold office until the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified.

Each nominee's business experience, including occupation, current public company directorships, and public company directorships held at any time during the past five years are provided. Additionally, the experience, qualifications and skills, including education, of each nominee are listed.

The information with respect to each nominee is as of March 1, 2025. The information contained in this proxy statement concerning the nominees is based upon statements made or confirmed to M&T by or on behalf of such nominees, except to the extent certain information is contained in M&T's records.

Two current directors, Mr. Robert T. Brady and Mr. T. Jefferson Cunningham III, are not nominees and their terms will end at the Annual Meeting. The Board would like to thank Mr. Brady and Mr. Cunningham for their decades of service and valuable contributions to M&T and the Board. Mr. Brady and Mr. Cunningham will continue as directors of M&T's principal subsidiary, M&T Bank. The size of the Board will be fixed at 14 directors effective as of the Annual Meeting.

The Board believes that the experience, qualifications and skills of each of the director nominees contributes to an effective and well-functioning board providing oversight of M&T's business and management.

NOMINEES FOR DIRECTOR

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OF M&T BANK CORPORATION

Corporate Governance Standards

The Board is committed to sound and effective corporate governance that conforms to the highest standards of business ethics and integrity, provides robust oversight of management and promotes the long-term interests of our company and shareholders. The Board annually evaluates its Corporate Governance Standards in light of best practices and regulatory guidance. These standards address director qualifications and responsibilities, board committees, director compensation and independence, director orientation and continuing education, performance evaluations, director commitments and conflicts of interest, among other items. The Corporate Governance Standards are available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate- governance.

Board Composition and Refreshment

Our Corporate Governance Standards provide that the N&G Committee, in discharging its duties to review director nominee qualifications, consider business experiences, skill sets, independence and diversity in the context of Board's needs and obligations. In light of these standards, the N&G Committee endeavors to identify nominees who possess diverse business experiences, life skills, geographic representation and community involvement.

Board Succession and Continuity Process.The Board, acting through the N&G Committee, reviews and considers new director candidates and existing members as part of its ongoing succession planning process for Board and committee positions. The N&G Committee engages a third-party firm to assist in this process, including with the identification and evaluation of potential future director nominees. Based on contributions and feedback from the N&G Committee, other directors, executive management and the third-party firm, a board framework and analysis of the skills, experiences and attributes that M&T believes would be beneficial to have represented on the Board and its committees have been developed. This process takes into account the current needs of the Board, future director succession planning needs and M&T's business strategy and industry trends. The analysis of desired skills and attributes is leveraged throughout the process in identifying and evaluating Board candidates. This process is also leveraged to consider committee assignments for new and existing members. The Board, through the N&G Committee, annually assesses its committee structure, leadership and composition.

Over-Boarding Policy. The Board also considers the availability of each nominee to fulfill his or her responsibilities as a director. Both the Corporate Governance Standards and the N&G Committee Charter require that the Board, through the N&G Committee, review a director's ability to continue to serve as a director of M&T if he or she wishes to join another public company board and would serve on three or more other public company boards after accepting the invitation. In the case of a director who is also an executive officer of a public company, the N&G Committee will conduct such review whenever the director wishes to join another public company board, regardless of the number of other boards on which he or she sits. Each year, the N&G Committee receives a report on and reviews the outside board commitments of all director nominees when considering whether to recommend such directors as nominees.

Board Skills and Experience. The 14 director nominees represent a range of backgrounds, professions, skills, experiences and communities. The Board believes these complementary skills and experiences produce an effective and highly qualified Board. The skills and diversity characteristics below were self-identified by the directors as part of the company's annual director questionnaire process.

Board Skills and Experience Matrix

Material relationships that the Board may consider include commercial, banking, consulting, legal, accounting, industrial, charitable and family relationships. As described below, the NYSE listing standards set forth specific relationships that will automatically bar independence.

NYSE "Bright-Line" Independence Tests. Under the NYSE "bright-line" tests, each of the following relationships will automatically bar a director from being independent:

An employee-director of M&T (or a director with an immediate family member who is an M&T executive officer) cannot be independent until three years after the employment relationship ends. The other bright-line tests will bar independence if they existed at any time during the prior three years. In addition, a director must be affirmatively determined by our Board to have no material relationship with M&T or its subsidiaries to be considered independent.

In making its determination as to the independence of the directors, the Board considered specific transactions, relationships and arrangements with directors and their immediate family members and any such person's business affiliations. Additionally, the Board considers ordinary course banking and financial services transactions provided by M&T and its subsidiaries in making its determination as to independence. See the section below titled "Transactions with Directors, Executive Officers and Certain Shareholders" for more information.

Board Leadership Structure

Chairman. Mr. Jones was elected as M&T's Chairman of the Board and appointed Chief Executive Officer in December 2017. Mr. Jones has been an employee of M&T for more than 30

years and has been a member of executive management for over 19 years. The Board believes that in light of Mr. Jones' significant broad-based experience with M&T and his leadership tenure with the organization, his service as Chairman continues to be appropriate for the Board as it fosters effective decision making and clear accountability.

Lead Independent Director. The Board adheres to M&T's Corporate Governance Standards and annually elects a non-executiveVice Chairman of the Board who also serves as the lead independent director. Mr. Geisel has served as the lead independent director since April 2024, succeeding Mr. Brady who had served in the role since 2015. As lead independent director, Mr. Geisel presides over the executive sessions of the non-managementdirectors, provides leadership and input into Board operations and governance decisions and may from time to time represent the Board in meetings with shareholders or other stakeholders.

Executive Sessions of the Non-ManagementDirectors. The non-managementdirectors meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. Mr. Geisel, Vice Chairman of the Board and the lead independent director, presides at these sessions. In the absence of the lead independent director, the non-managementdirectors determine which director will preside at such sessions.

Board Self-Evaluation Process

The N&G Committee oversees an annual self-evaluation of the Board. Prior to the beginning of the Board's self-evaluation each year, the N&G Committee considers possible enhancements to the process, including changes to the evaluation format and the written questionnaire. The written questionnaire, which is provided to each director, covers a range of topics related to Board effectiveness and performance, including questions on Board composition, culture, committee performance, risk management, oversight of corporate strategy, management accountability, and agenda and meeting effectiveness.

After completion of the written questionnaire, the full Board, led by the Chair of the N&G Committee, reviews the results and holds a self-evaluation discussion. Any points of attention or changes to Board practices are identified, and the Chair of the N&G Committee has the opportunity to meet with the Chief Legal Officer or others as necessary to discuss any such follow-upitems. Later in the year, the lead independent director also leads a discussion on Board effectiveness and solicits further feedback during an executive session of the non-managementdirectors. In addition to this formal Board self-evaluation process, directors are encouraged to provide feedback at any point during the year. Board committees also perform their own self-evaluation process as required in their respective charters.

Board Continuing Education and Orientation

The N&G Committee oversees director continuing education and orientation efforts, which are administered by management. Areas of focus for director continuing education and development are identified by the Board and committees through discussion with management as well as in the annual Board self-evaluation. Management will suggest agenda items for Board and committee meetings in order to provide opportunities for continuing education to all directors, and any director may request the inclusion of a particular agenda item in order to facilitate continuing director education. As a result, educational topics are planned throughout the year and presented at meetings of the Board and committees on a regular basis. The presentations are provided by both internal specialists and outside advisors on a range of topics to enhance directors' knowledge of areas important to their ability to carry out Board and committee responsibilities. M&T also encourages and sponsors director participation in outside learning opportunities, including attendance at conferences and membership in educational associations.

Newly elected directors participate in the company's director orientation program. The director orientation program aims to further acquaint newly elected directors with M&T's business and values. The orientation program includes written information and a series of presentations by members of executive leadership, including heads of business lines and key departments, to better familiarize new directors with M&T's governance framework, talent and leadership, strategic objectives, risk management practices, regulatory environment, director responsibilities, and other matters.

Board's Role in Risk Oversight

The Risk Committee assists the Board in its oversight of risk management functions. Management has established the Enterprise Risk Framework ("Risk Framework") through which M&T identifies, assesses, monitors, controls, communicates, and escalates risk in a manner designed to ensure the Risk Committee is provided the transparency necessary to be effective in its oversight responsibilities.

The Risk Framework, which is reviewed and approved by the Risk Committee and Board at least annually, represents M&T's overall risk management approach, including the policies, processes, controls, and systems, through which the company seeks to manage risk. It provides a common foundation for all employees and officers as well as directors to understand and communicate the types of risks that M&T faces in pursuit of its business objectives.

In 2024, the Risk Committee established two subcommittees focused on oversight of cybersecurity and technology risks and commercial credit risks, respectively. In addition to the Risk Committee, the Audit Committee plays a key role in risk management oversight through the validation and oversight of our internal controls, policies and procedures to help ensure their effectiveness, as described further below in the description of the Audit Committee. Our C&HC Committee also

provides oversight of risks associated with M&T's compensation programs, as described in more detail under "Incentive Compensation Governance" in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section of this proxy statement.

The CRO meets with the Risk Committee at each of its meetings and provides a report at least twice per year to the Audit Committee and at least annually to the C&HC Committee. The Board regularly receives reports from the Chair of the Risk Committee and the CRO. The Board also regularly receives reports from the Chair of the Audit Committee. During 2024, the Risk Committee held 16 meetings, including two joint meetings with the Audit Committee.

Oversight of Sustainability and Related Matters

Board Oversight. The Board is committed to effective oversight of sustainability and related matters. The Board maintains such oversight through its committee structure.

Management Governance Structure. Board oversight is supported by a management governance structure which includes our Sustainability Committee. The Sustainability Committee oversees M&T's sustainability program and management framework, including sustainability-related strategies, goals and targets, and disclosures. The Sustainability Committee is comprised of key executive leaders and reports regularly to the N&G Committee. In addition, we have established a Sustainability Working Group comprised of senior leaders from across M&T to provide feedback on and promote enterprise alignment of sustainability initiatives.

Climate risk is integrated into our Risk Framework with oversight from the Risk Committee. The Climate Risk Working Group was established by M&T's senior-level Operational Risk Committee to aid in the governance and review of oversight of climate risk and is comprised of employees across the company who monitor for climate risks.

Oversight of Executive Succession Planning

The Board, through the C&HC Committee, oversees M&T's executive management succession planning process, including regular reviews of succession plans for the CEO and other executive officers (including the named executive officers described in this proxy statement). The C&HC Committee's review of succession plans goes beyond in-linereplacement planning, taking into account the evolving needs of the bank, future capabilities required, and management's preparation of multiple succession options for critical positions.

The C&HC Committee regularly meets with the CEO, Chief Human Resources Officer, and Chief Talent Officer to review the effectiveness of the bank's performance management, compensation, and succession planning practices. This increases transparency and governance in areas such as pay-for-performance,pay equity, identification of succession risks, and management's efforts to mitigate those risks by preparing future leaders to operate the bank. Talent and executive succession planning is also discussed and reviewed with the full Board and the N&G Committee.

Board Committees

Current Board and Committee Membership

(as of March 1, 2025)

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee has the authority and responsibility to engage and discharge the independent registered public accounting firm, pre-approveall audit and non-auditservices to be provided by such firm, review the plan and results of the auditing engagement, review management's evaluation of the adequacy of M&T's system of internal controls over financial reporting, direct and supervise investigations into matters within the scope of its duties, and perform the duties set forth in its written charter and such other duties as are required by applicable laws or Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules. The Audit Committee also oversees the appointment and compensation of M&T's Chief Auditor. In addition, the Audit Committee serves as the Examining Committee for M&T Bank and Wilmington Trust, N.A.

The current members of the Audit Committee are Messrs. Cruger, Cunningham, Salamone (Chair) and Washington and Ms. Chwick. Ms. Chwick was appointed to the Audit Committee in April 2024, joining existing members Messrs. Cruger, Cunningham, Salamone and Washington who served throughout 2024. The Audit Committee held 14 meetings in 2024, including two joint meetings with the Risk Committee.

The Audit Committee is comprised solely of independent directors who the Board has determined have the requisite financial literacy to serve on the Audit Committee. The Board determined that no member of the Audit Committee has any material relationship with M&T that might interfere with the exercise of the member's independent judgment and that each member meets the standards of independence established by the SEC and the NYSE. In addition, the Board has determined that at least one member of the Audit Committee meets the NYSE standard of having "accounting or related financial management expertise." The Board, based upon the recommendation of the N&G Committee, after reviewing all relevant facts and circumstances, has determined that Mr. Cruger and Mr. Salamone each is an "audit committee financial expert" under SEC rules.

The Audit Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board. The Audit Committee Charter is available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate-governance.

Compensation and Human Capital (C&HC) Committee

The C&HC Committee, in accordance with its charter, is responsible for discharging the responsibilities of the Board relating to the compensation of M&T's executive officers as well as administering M&T's equity compensation plans and awarding grants thereunder. The C&HC Committee is also responsible for oversight of M&T's human capital and talent management strategies, including executive management succession planning.

The C&HC Committee recommends to the Board the compensation of directors and reviews and approves the compensation and benefits of executive officers of M&T. The C&HC Committee is also responsible for reviewing with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis ("CD&A") and providing a report recommending to the Board whether such CD&A should be included in the proxy statement.

The current members of the C&HC Committee are Messrs. Cruger (Chair), Geisel and Washington and Ms. Seseri. In 2024, Ms. Rich served on the C&HC Committee until April 2024, at which time Mr. Cruger and Ms. Seseri joined the C&HC Committee alongside existing members Messrs. Geisel and Washington who served throughout 2024. The C&HC Committee held seven meetings in 2024, including one joint meeting with the N&G Committee.

The C&HC Committee is comprised solely of independent directors. The Board determined that no member of the C&HC Committee has any material relationship with M&T that might interfere with the exercise of the member's independent judgment and that each member meets the standards of independence established by the SEC and the NYSE, including for compensation committees.

The C&HC Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board. The C&HC Committee Charter is available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate-governance.

Executive Committee

The Board has empowered its Executive Committee to act when the Board is not in session, during which time the Executive Committee possesses all of the Board's powers in the management of the business and affairs of M&T, except as otherwise limited by law. The current members of the Executive Committee are Messrs. Brady, Geisel, Jones and Sadler (Chair) and Ms. Rich, each of whom served on the Executive Committee throughout 2024. The Executive Committee held four meetings in 2024.

The Executive Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board. The Executive Committee Charter is available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate-governance.

Nomination and Governance (N&G) Committee

The N&G Committee is responsible for evaluating and overseeing the efforts of M&T and of the Board to maintain effective corporate governance practices and identifying candidates for election to

the Board. In addition, the N&G Committee is responsible for reviewing M&T's strategy and policies relating to sustainability matters, including engagement with shareholders and other stakeholders.

The current members of the N&G Committee are Messrs. Brady and Charles and Ms. Rich (Chair). In 2024, a former director served on the N&G Committee until April 2024, at which time Ms. Rich joined the N&G Committee alongside existing members Messrs. Brady and Charles who served throughout 2024. The Board will appoint a new member of the N&G Committee who is an independent director by or on the date of the Annual Meeting to replace Mr. Brady, who is not standing for reelection, in order to maintain at least three members on the N&G Committee. The N&G Committee held five meetings in 2024, including one joint meeting with the C&HC Committee.

The N&G Committee considers nominees for director who are recommended by various persons or entities, including, but not limited to, non-managementdirectors, the Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers of M&T, and shareholders. As explained above under "Board Composition and Refreshment," in evaluating all nominees for director, including those recommended by shareholders, the N&G Committee reviews the qualifications and independence of each potential nominee in light of the composition of the current Board and its various committees. The N&G Committee has engaged a third-party firm to assist with identification and evaluation of potential future director nominees.

The N&G Committee is comprised solely of independent directors. The Board determined that no member of the N&G Committee has any material relationship with M&T that might interfere with the exercise of the member's independent judgment and that each member meets the standards of independence established by the SEC and the NYSE.

The N&G Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board. The N&G Committee Charter is available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate-governance.

Risk Committee

The Risk Committee assists the Board in its oversight of M&T's risk management function, including the strategies, policies, procedures and systems established by management to identify, assess, measure and manage the major risks facing M&T. In discharging its duties of risk oversight, the Risk Committee provides input to management on risk appetite, risk profile and regulatory requirements and assesses the effectiveness of M&T's risk management framework. The Risk Committee also oversees the appointment and compensation of the CRO. See "Board's Role in Risk Oversight" above for more information about the Risk Committee's role in assisting the Board in its oversight of risk management functions.

The current members of the Risk Committee are Messrs. Barnes, Charles, Ledgett, Sadler (Chair) and Walters and Ms. Godridge. In 2024, Ms. Chwick served on the Risk Committee until April 2024, at which time Messrs. Charles and Walters joined the Committee alongside existing members Messrs. Barnes, Ledgett and Sadler and Ms. Godridge who served throughout 2024. The Risk Committee held 16 meetings in 2024, including two joint meetings with the Audit Committee.

Regulation YY promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board ("FRB"), requires that publicly traded bank holding companies such as M&T must maintain a risk committee chaired by an independent director and include at least one member meeting the FRB standards of experience in identifying, assessing and managing risk exposures of large, complex financial firms commensurate with the company's structure, risk profile complexity, activities and size (a "risk management expert"). The Board, based upon the recommendation of the N&G Committee, after reviewing all relevant facts and circumstances, determined that Messrs. Barnes, Sadler and Walters and Ms. Godridge each is a "risk management expert."

The Risk Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board. The Risk Committee Charter is available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate-governance.

Subcommittees of the Risk Committee: Cybersecurity and Credit Risk Oversight. In 2024, the Risk Committee established two subcommittees focused on oversight of cybersecurity and technology risks and commercial credit risks, respectively. The subcommittee focused on cybersecurity and technology assists the Risk Committee in oversight of significant technology and cybersecurity risk management strategies, policies, procedures, controls, systems and activities and in monitoring M&T's technology and cybersecurity risk appetite and profile. The subcommittee focused on commercial credit assists the Risk Committee in oversight of significant credit administration, risk management and review strategies and in monitoring of M&T's credit risk appetite and profile. Both subcommittees regularly report to both the Risk Committee and Board.

Board and Committee Attendance

M&T's Corporate Governance Standards encourage all members of the Board to attend its Annual Meeting of Shareholders, absent exigent circumstances. All directors attended the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which was held virtually.

Codes of Business Conduct and Ethics

M&T makes its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics available to all employees. M&T requires all employees to certify that they have read and are familiar with the employee policies and procedures and their content, including our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and that they will adhere to such policies and procedures.

M&T's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applies to our directors, officers, advisors and employees, as well as to our agents and representatives, including consultants. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics requires that individuals avoid conflicts of interest, comply with laws and other legal requirements, conduct business in an honest and ethical manner, and otherwise act with integrity and in the best interests of M&T. In addition, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics expects individuals to report any observed illegal or unethical behavior and provides a retaliation-free reporting mechanism. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is a guide to help ensure that all individuals live up to the highest ethical standards.

M&T also maintains a Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Controller and any other senior financial officers designated by the Chief Financial Officer from time to time. This Code of Ethics supplements our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and is intended to promote honest and ethical conduct, full and accurate financial reporting and compliance with laws, as well as other matters.

Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and the Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers are available on M&T's website at ir.mtb.com/corporate-governance. In accordance with SEC rules, M&T will post on its website or file a Form 8-Kto report any amendment to or waiver from any provision in the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics or Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Controller, or persons performing similar functions.

Communications with the Board

Any shareholder or other interested party wishing to communicate with the Board or any individual director may submit his or her written correspondence to M&T Bank Corporation's Corporate Secretary, One M&T Plaza, Buffalo, New York 14203. The Corporate Secretary will provide the communication, or prepare a summary of the communication, to the appropriate member(s) of the Board, unless the matter is not intended or appropriate for the Board.

Majority Voting Standard for Director Elections

Pursuant to M&T's Amended and Restated Bylaws, in an uncontested election when a quorum is represented, the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast with respect to a director nominee is required for the election of that nominee as a director. If an incumbent director in an uncontested election does not receive the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, that director would still be elected, but would be required to tender his or her resignation to the Board. The independent members of the Board would then determine whether or not to accept such resignation, taking into account the recommendation of the N&G Committee. The Board will publicly disclose, in a press release or SEC filing, its decision to accept or reject such resignation within 90 days after the certification of the election results.

Shareholder Nominations

The N&G Committee will consider candidates nominated by shareholders who are properly submitted in writing to M&T's Corporate Secretary at One M&T Plaza, Buffalo, New York 14203 and received no earlier than 150 days and no later than 120 days prior to the anniversary of the date on which M&T first mailed its proxy materials for the preceding year's Annual Meeting of Shareholders. For the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, M&T's Corporate Secretary must receive those nominations for consideration no earlier than October 5, 2025 and no later than November 4, 2025. Please refer to the General Information-Questions and Answers section of the proxy statement for more information on shareholder nominations and proposals.

Compensation and Human Capital Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

No individual who served as a member of the C&HC Committee during 2024 was at any time or formerly an officer or employee of M&T or any of its subsidiaries. During 2024, none of M&T's executive officers served as a director of another entity, one of whose executive officers served on the C&HC Committee, and none of M&T's executive officers served as a member of the compensation committee of another entity, one of whose executive officers served as a member of M&T's Board or on the C&HC Committee.

The Board determined that all members of the C&HC Committee are independent and have no financial or personal relationships with M&T requiring disclosure pursuant to SEC rules (other than director compensation, equity ownership and transactions made in the ordinary course of business with its banking or other operating subsidiaries as described in this proxy statement).

Director Compensation

The compensation program for our non-employeedirectors aims to compensate directors in a competitive range compared to peer financial institutions, commensurate with the significant amount of time, effort and expertise required to fulfill director duties. The program also aims to align the interests of our directors with M&T's shareholders through the award of an annual Board equity retainer.

The director compensation structure provides annual compensation to directors approximately 50 percent in equity and 50 percent in cash (depending upon committee participation) through an annual Board equity retainer and an annual Board cash retainer, as well as annual committee cash retainers for service on Board committees. There are no per meeting fees.

Equity Award. The annual Board equity retainer component is granted in the form of restricted stock units having a grant date fair value of $140,000 for the lead independent director and of $135,000 for each other non-employeedirector. For 2024, the restricted stock units were awarded in April 2024, vest on the one-yearanniversary of the grant date, and have such other terms as provided in a Directors' Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement and under the M&T Bank Corporation 2019 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (the "2019 Equity Plan").

Cash Fees. Under the annual Board cash retainer component, a cash retainer of $115,000 is paid to the lead independent director and a cash retainer of $90,000 is paid to each other non-employeedirector.

Committee Fees. The following annual cash retainers are also paid to the members of the committees of the Board:

In addition, directors who also serve as members of M&T Bank's Trust and Investment Committee are paid an annual cash retainer of $12,000, with the Chair paid an annual cash retainer of $15,000.

The annual Board and committee cash retainers are paid in quarterly installments, with quarterly payments paid in arrears at the beginning of each calendar quarter for service during the prior quarter.

Directors who are salaried officers of M&T or its subsidiaries do not receive any compensation for their service as directors.

The following table sets forth the compensation of directors (who are not salaried officers of M&T or its subsidiaries) for fiscal year 2024.

2024 Director Compensation Table

M&T Bank Regional Directors Advisory Council Fees

As reflected in the 2024 Director Compensation Table above, Messrs. Cunningham, Geisel and Sadler also received an annual equity award in 2024 for their service on an M&T Bank Regional Directors Advisory Council ("DAC"). During 2024, Mr. Cunningham served as Chairman of the DAC of the Hudson Valley Division of M&T Bank; Mr. Geisel served as Chairman of the DAC of the Baltimore-Washington Division of M&T Bank; and Mr. Sadler served as Chairman of the DAC of the Florida Division of M&T Bank. The annual equity award for DAC service is granted under the 2019 Equity Plan and is vested upon grant. The value of each equity award is described in the 2024 Director Compensation Table above.

Director Stock Ownership Guidelines

Under M&T's Corporate Governance Standards, each director is expected to own shares of M&T common stock, which includes all beneficially owned shares and unvested restricted stock units, with a value equal to at least five times the amount of the director's annual cash retainer. Each

director is expected to meet this ownership guideline by the fifth anniversary of his or her initial election to the Board. Directors who receive no personal compensation for their service are not subject to this guideline. All directors are in compliance with the director stock ownership guidelines (as of February 14, 2025).

Stock Ownership Information

The tables below set forth direct and indirect ownership of common stock by each of our directors, each of the named executive officers, all directors and executive officers as a group, and by each person who is known to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of such securities as of February 14, 2025. The tables also show the percentage of total shares outstanding of common stock represented by such ownership as of February 14, 2025.

For purposes of these tables, beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with the provisions of Rule 13d-3of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") where, in general, a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner of a security if such person has or shares the power to vote or to direct the voting of the security or the power to dispose or to direct the disposition of the security, or if such person has the right to acquire the beneficial ownership of the security within 60 days.

Directors and Executive Officers Stock Ownership

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to all persons or groups known by M&T to be the beneficial owners of more than 5% of its outstanding common stock as of February 14, 2025, except to the extent indicated otherwise in the footnotes below.

Beneficial Owners Holding More Than 5% of M&T Bank Corporation's Common Stock

M&T is the sponsor of a number of employee benefit plans that hold an aggregate of 3,052,805 shares of M&T common stock as of February 14, 2025. Its principal banking subsidiary,

M&T Bank, has sole voting authority over 715,423 of these shares. The remaining 2,337,382 shares of M&T common stock are voted by the trustee of the applicable employee benefit plan pursuant to the instructions of the participants in accordance with the terms of each such plan. Certain of the directors and executive officers of M&T hold indirect beneficial interests in the holdings of these employee benefit plans. See also footnote 6 to the table set forth above titled "Directors and Executive Officers Stock Ownership."

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Pursuant to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, M&T's directors and certain officers, as well as persons who beneficially own more than 10% of the outstanding shares of M&T's common stock, are required to file reports regarding their initial M&T stock ownership and subsequent changes to their ownership with the SEC. Based solely on a review of the reports filed for fiscal year 2024 and related written representations from the reporting persons, the company believes that all filings required to be made by its reporting persons were filed on a timely basis.

M&T Bank Corporation Insider Trading Policy

All of M&T's directors, officers and employees are subject to M&T's Insider Trading Policy. The Insider Trading Policy prohibits the purchase or sale of M&T securities by persons who possess material, nonpublic information, as well as the unauthorized disclosure of such information to others, and also sets forth M&T's trading window limitations. In addition, as described below, the Insider Trading Policy sets forth M&T's anti-hedging and anti-pledging policies.

Anti-Hedging Policy. All directors, officers and employees are prohibited from engaging in any transactions that are designed to hedge or offset a decrease in the market value of M&T securities or from engaging in any form of short-term trading in M&T securities. Such prohibited short-term trading transactions include those involving exchange-traded options or over-the-counteroptions, or other derivatives, and short sales, and prohibited hedging transactions include those involving prepaid variable forward contracts, equity swaps, collars, exchange funds and other derivatives that are designed to hedge.

Anti-Pledging Policy. All directors and executive officers are prohibited from holding M&T securities in a margin account, borrowing against any account in which M&T securities are held or pledging M&T securities as collateral for a loan or other indebtedness, except in the following limited circumstances: (1) the director or executive officer may only pledge shares he or she holds in excess of M&T's applicable stock ownership guidelines, (2) the director or executive officer must have the financial ability to repay the loan or margin call without resorting to the pledged securities, (3) in the case of an executive officer, prior to any pledging transaction, the executive officer must consult with M&T's Chief Legal Officer to confirm compliance with the policy, and (4) any decision by a director to engage in a pledging transaction must be reported to the N&G Committee and the Chairman of the Board, and any decision by an executive officer to engage in pledging must be reported to the N&G Committee and the Chief Executive Officer.

Transactions with Directors, Executive Officers and Certain Shareholders

Directors and executive officers of M&T and their immediate family members and affiliated entities are, and have been, customers of, and have had transactions with the banking and other operating subsidiaries of M&T, and additional transactions may be expected to take place in the future between such persons and M&T's subsidiaries. As described in "Board Independence" under the section titled "Corporate Governance of M&T Bank Corporation," the Board reviews such related party or affiliate transactions in its review and assessment of director independence. Additionally, these transactions are subject to M&T's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. See "Code of Business Conduct and Ethics" under the section titled "Corporate Governance of M&T Bank Corporation" above for more information.

Regulation O Policies and Procedures. Any financial services provided to directors, executive officers and their immediate family members and affiliated entities are offered in the ordinary course of business, upon substantially the same terms and conditions, including price, as we provide to similarly situated customers. M&T's subsidiary banks extend credit to some of the directors and their immediate family members and affiliated entities. All such extensions of credit outstanding at any time since January 1, 2024, comply with our policies and procedures and Federal Reserve Board Regulation O. All extensions of credit were made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable loans with persons not related to M&T or its subsidiary banks, and did not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features.

Related-Party Transactions Policy. The Board has adopted a written related-party transactions policy, which is reviewed annually by the N&G Committee. Under the policy, our executive officers, directors (and nominees), large shareholders, and their immediate family members (each a "Related Party") may not enter into a transaction with M&T or a subsidiary in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000, and in which the Related Party has a direct or indirect material interest, without approval from the N&G Committee. Under certain circumstances, a related-party transaction may be brought before the Board for consideration, and the Board may elect to review any proposed related party transaction or designate another independent body of the Board to review the proposed transaction. Under the policy, Related Parties are deemed not to have a direct or indirect material interest in various types of transactions, including certain compensation provided in connection with the discharge of duties; indemnification or advancement of expenses; charitable contributions; transactions involving competitive bids; ordinary course loans and other ordinary course deposit, banking, commercial, fiduciary or other financial services relationships; and transactions in which a Related Party's interest derives solely from his or her service as a director of another entity or from certain equity interests.

Our N&G Committee (or Board or other independent body of the Board) will take into account the following factors, as appropriate, among other factors it deems appropriate in approving or rejecting a proposed transaction: (i) the benefits to M&T and whether the transaction is consistent with the interests of M&T and its shareholders; (ii) whether the transaction would impair the independence of an otherwise independent non-employeedirector; (iii) the availability of other sources for comparable products or services; (iv) whether the terms of the transaction are fair to M&T and on the same basis as would apply if the transaction did not involve a Related Party; and (v) whether the transaction would present an improper conflict of interest.

Certain Transactions with Related Parties. John Todaro, the brother of one of our named executive officers (Michael J. Todaro), and Tyler Barnes, the son of one of our directors (John P. Barnes) are each employed as a non-executiveofficer employee of M&T Bank. The compensation of John Todaro and Tyler Barnes was established by M&T Bank in accordance with its compensation practices applicable to employees with comparable qualifications and responsibilities and holding

similar positions, and without the involvement of Michael J. Todaro or John P. Barnes, respectively. During 2024, John Todaro and Tyler Barnes each earned less than $300,000 in total compensation from M&T Bank. Their compensation is within the range for employees within the same grade as each person and with the same title or within the same geography as each person. John Todaro and Tyler Barnes each also participate in company benefit plans available to all other employees in similar positions.

Subsidiaries of FMR LLC ("Fidelity") were the beneficial owner of more than 5 percent of our common stock for all or part of 2024. We engage Fidelity Stock Plan Services LLC to provide administration and recordkeeping services for our stock plans, including our equity compensation awards and Employee Stock Purchase Program. These relationships are in the ordinary course, at arms-length and unrelated to Fidelity's ownership of M&T stock. In 2024, we paid fees of approximately $118,045 to Fidelity Stock Plan Services LLC.

ADVISORY, NON-BINDINGVOTE TO APPROVE THE 2024 COMPENSATION OF M&T BANK CORPORATION'S NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

M&T Bank Corporation believes that its 2024 compensation policies and practices are centered on a pay-for-performanceculture and are strongly aligned with the long-term interests of its shareholders, while reducing incentives for unnecessary and excessive risk taking. Our executive compensation programs are described in detail in the sections titled "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" and "Executive Compensation" below.

SEC rules require that all U.S. public companies provide their shareholders with an advisory vote on the compensation of their named executive officers, commonly known as a "say-on-pay" proposal. SEC rules also require that shareholders have an opportunity at least once every six years to vote, on an advisory basis, on the frequency of such say-on-pay advisory votes. Our shareholders were last presented with such a proposal in 2023 when our Board recommended, and our shareholders approved, continuing to have such say-on-pay advisory votes occur every year.

This proposal gives shareholders the opportunity to vote on the overall compensation program of M&T and specifically as it applies to the named executive officers through the following resolution:

"RESOLVED, that the 2024 compensation paid to M&T Bank Corporation's Named Executive Officers, as disclosed pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K,including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and narrative discussion, is hereby approved."

The shareholder vote on this matter is advisory, meaning that it will serve as a recommendation to the Board and the C&HC Committee, but will not be binding. The C&HC Committee will consider the outcome of this vote when determining future executive compensation arrangements.

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Named Executive Officers

This Compensation Discussion and Analysis (the "CD&A") provides information regarding the 2024 compensation of M&T's Chief Executive Officer ("CEO"), M&T's Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") and the three most highly compensated executive officers other than the CEO and CFO (collectively, the "NEOs"). For 2024, our NEOs were the following individuals:

Overview of M&T Bank Corporation

M&T's vision is focused on long-term sustained performance. We strive to consistently maintain a conservative risk profile and a strong financial position to ensure high levels of service to our customers and communities throughout economic cycles.

2024 Financial Performance Highlights

M&T's results of operations for 2024 reflected a year of strong performance focused on fundamentals as measured by several metrics, including diluted earnings per common share, retuon average assets and retuon average common shareholders' equity. On an operating basis, M&T evaluates certain key metrics including diluted net operating earnings per common share, net operating retuon average tangible assets and net operating retuon average tangible common equity⁽¹⁾. The Company's performance and financial position reflects a stable customer deposit base, and strong liquidity and capital generation. Specific 2024 performance highlights are noted below⁽²⁾:

M&T's Executive Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

The objectives of M&T's executive compensation programs are to attract and retain executives capable of maximizing performance for the benefit of M&T and its shareholders. We endeavor, over time and based on performance, to establish total direct compensation ("TDC") in a competitive range around the median of the market for our compensation peer group. Our longstanding compensation philosophy is to emphasize long- term equity-based compensation for our NEOs. This philosophy, combined with C&HC Committee engagement and oversight, allows us to align our compensation with performance by:

We design our executive compensation program to promote risk mitigation and good governance, which includes maintaining the following best practices:

2024 Say-on-PayVote and Shareholder Outreach

Our 2024 shareholder vote on executive compensation passed with 94% support. The C&HC Committee considered this to be an indication that our shareholders believe that the NEOs' compensation is aligned with the performance of M&T.

In addition, we regularly engage with our shareholders' proxy voting and investor stewardship teams to gain a deeper understanding of the perspectives and concerns related to our executive compensation programs. In these meetings, our shareholders have generally expressed a positive view with respect to our executive compensation program.

We regularly evaluate whether our executive compensation programs support our compensation philosophy and objectives and monitor program alignment with our priorities. Further, we continue to look for ways to provide transparent disclosure around these programs.

In connection with this review, combined with other factors discussed in this CD&A as well as the feedback we received from our shareholders, the C&HC Committee made the following changes in recent years:

Components of Executive Compensation

The components of our executive compensation program, described below, align with M&T's philosophy to emphasize long-term equity-based compensation, while providing compensation that will attract and retain executives capable of achieving M&T's performance objectives and delivering value to our shareholders.

2024 Performance Year Pay Mix

Our executive compensation program provides for a market-competitive mix of base salary, short-term cash incentives ("STI") and long-term equity-based incentives ("LTI") that vest over time in alignment with our compensation philosophy and the objectives cited above.

Executive performance scorecards were utilized for the 2024 performance year and serve to provide more structure around our performance-guided discretionary variable compensation program, specifically with respect to STI awards. The executive performance scorecards consider overall bank performance, in addition to the performance of the business unit(s) or functional area(s) led by each NEO and their individual contributions predominantly with respect to risk management, leadership and talent development. As a result of the executive performance scorecard review, strong financial results of the organization and sound risk management, STI awards were increased for the NEOs. For continued retention and shareholder alignment, LTI awards for NEOs were increased from the prior year to better reflect performance, market competitiveness and continued alignment with shareholders.

The charts below represent the 2024 performance year total compensation pay mix of our CEO and the average of our other NEOs. For purposes of this and other "performance year" disclosures in this CD&A, compensation for the "performance year" consists of (i) annual base salary as of the end of the performance year, (ii) STI paid in the following year for the prior year's performance, and (iii) the LTI award (target value) granted in the following year for the prior year's performance and in consideration of anticipated future contributions. The LTI award is comprised of PHSUs, PVSUs and Non-QualifiedStock Options ("NQSOs"). This view differs from the disclosure in the 2024 Summary Compensation Table ("SCT") set forth in the "Executive Compensation" section beginning on page 68 below, in that the LTI awards disclosed in the SCT reflect equity awards granted during 2024 for the prior performance year (i.e., 2023 performance). We prefer the performance year view as this is how we (and many of our peer companies) tend to view executive compensation.

The charts below show the 2024 performance year pay mix for our CEO and the average for our other NEOs, of which 90% of pay is "at risk" for Mr. Jones and, on average, 83% of pay is "at risk" for our other NEOs.

Roles and Responsibilities

M&T's executive compensation programs are administered through the joint efforts of various constituents to ensure sound holistic governance around compensation determinations.

Role of the C&HC Committee

The C&HC Committee is responsible for determining M&T's compensation philosophy and objectives, as well as compensation of the executive officers (including the NEOs) and reporting such determinations to the full Board. The C&HC Committee does not have any formal policies for allocating compensation among salary, annual cash incentive awards and long-term equity incentives, short- and long-term compensation or among cash and non-cashcompensation. Instead, the C&HC Committee exercises judgment to establish a total compensation program for each NEO that is a mix of current, short- and long-term incentive compensation, and cash and non-cashcompensation, which the C&HC Committee believes is appropriate to achieve the goals of the executive compensation program and corporate objectives.

As discussed below, in determining the amount and mix of compensation to be paid to each NEO, the C&HC Committee reviews the compensation levels of the NEOs relative to a group of commercial banking peers that are similar in size and business mix (the "peer group"). As part of this review, the C&HC Committee also considers the financial performance of M&T relative to the peer group, as well as certain other factors, including M&T's stock price performance and relative shareholder returns, compensation mix philosophy, risk management, and individual and corporate performance. The C&HC Committee reviews M&T's financial performance and risk management performance prior to finalizing TDC for the NEOs.

The C&HC Committee's responsibilities with respect to executive compensation include:

Role of the Chief Executive Officer

The CEO provides the performance assessments for the other NEOs and makes compensation recommendations to the C&HC Committee in this regard. Performance achieved against business unit/function and individual goals set in early 2024, as well as overall bank financial results and risk management were considered when making the initial compensation recommendations. Ultimate decision making authority for the compensation determinations for all NEOs, including the CEO, however, lies solely with the C&HC Committee. The CEO does not participate in discussions of his compensation with the C&HC Committee.

Role of Independent Compensation Consultant

In 2024, the C&HC Committee continued to retain Aon's Human Capital Solutions practice, a division of Aon plc (Aon), to provide executive compensation consulting services. Aon's role is to provide analysis and advice to the C&HC Committee regarding the amount and form of executive compensation, attend C&HC Committee meetings, as requested, and advise the C&HC Committee on executive compensation levels, market trends, regulatory issues and other developments that may impact M&T's executive compensation programs. In 2024, Aon performed the following services for the C&HC Committee:

The fees for these services totaled $233,533. Aon also provided $327,285 in additional compensation survey/advisory services to management during 2024. Management engaged Aon for these services after consultation with the C&HC Committee. Based on an assessment of SEC and NYSE factors, the C&HC Committee determined that Aon was independent and that engagement of Aon did not present any conflicts of interest. Aon also determined that it was independent from our management and confirmed this in a written statement delivered to the C&HC Committee.

Peer Group

On an annual basis, the C&HC Committee, using advice provided by Aon, makes decisions about compensation levels for each of the NEOs with reference to the compensation peer group-a group of commercial banking institutions of similar business makeup, size and geographic reach. For the 2024 year-endcompensation review, M&T continued the practice of having the same peer group for both compensation (used as a reference for compensation levels for NEOs) and financial (used as a reference for our financial performance) comparison.

The eleven commercial banking companies listed below were identified by selecting a group of U.S.- based commercial bank holding companies generally having assets or market capitalization within a reasonable range of M&T and excluded those that had a significantly dissimilar business mix, or had a substantial international presence. This peer group is reviewed annually, with the assistance of Aon, and is updated as necessary. The 2024 peer group remains unchanged from 2023:

2024 Peer Group (size statistics as of June 30, 2024)